240 Scientific Intelligence. 



5. Elemente der Paldontologie bearbeitet von Dr. Gustav 

 Steinmann, Ord. Prof. Geol. u. Min. Univ. Freiburg, unter mit- 

 wirkung vo)i Dr. Ludwig Doderlein, Director, Nat. Mus., 

 Strasburg, Privatdocent ftir Zoologie. 2d Half, pp. 337 to 348, 

 8vo. Leipzig, 1890. (Wilhelm Engelmann.) — The first part of 

 this important work has been noticed on page 235 of volume 

 xxxvii of this Journal. This second half completes the account 

 of the Invertebrates on page 515, and devotes the remaining 333 

 pages to the Vertebrates. The work is concise in its method, so 

 that its 850 pages cover the whole ground with remarkable com- 

 pleteness. Besides detailed descriptions, tables are introduced to 

 illustrate characteristics of groups, distribution of genera in time, 

 geographical distribution, and also the literature of the different, 

 subjects. The illustrations of species and structure are all admira- 

 ble, and in great numbers; and the publisher has done justice to the 

 fine cuts in the style of printing and the quality of paper. While 

 the figures range over the same groups as in the English work 

 above mentioned the most of them are different, and in this and 

 other ways the two works conveniently supplement one another. 

 They are both excellent, and good companions. In classification 

 there is a similarity. But the Solenhofen Jurassic bird is made 

 by Prof. Steinmann the basis of one of the subdivisions of Rep- 

 tiles — the Saurura ; and the fine figure in the work of the speci- 

 men in the Berlin Museum, from the memoir by W. Dames, goes 

 far toward sustaining this reference. 



The Trilobites have the same place as in Prof. Nicholson's 

 work, tihat is, with the Crustaceans, under the name of Palaeos- 

 traca. The serious objection to this is that the Trilobite and 

 Crustacean lines commence together in the Lower Cambrian and 

 give no evidence of successional connection in their beginning or 

 afterward; they continue separate and unaffiliated to the present 

 time, being represented, as long held, by the modern Limulids, 

 and also, as has been shown by Van Beneden, through the 

 Eurypterids by the spiders. The Crustaceans appear first under 

 two types, the Ostracoid and Caridoid, and continue along each, 

 with small divarications, and with rising grade in the latter until 

 now. The Trilobite line, therefore, had in no part true kinship 

 with that of the Crustacean. 



III. Botany and Zoology. 



1 . Manual of the Botany of the Northern United States, in- 

 cluding the district east of the Mississippi and north of North 

 Carolina and Tennessee / by Asa Gray, late Fisher Professor of 

 Natural History in Harvard University. — Sixth Edition (Revised 

 and extended westward to the 100th meridian) ; by Sereno 

 Watson, Curator of the Gray Herbarium, Harvard University, 

 and John M. Coulter, Professor of Botany in Wabash College, 

 -assisted by specialists in certain groups. 760 pp. 8vo. With 25 



