438 CoKER: NorTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF ENCALYPTA 
Teeth more or less united in pairs, unequal in length. 
Basal cells of leaves not papillose. 6. E. brevicolla. 
Capsule striate and spirally twisted, calyptra lacerate. 
Monoicous, seta smooth, spores 15-25 4; leaves’slightly 
toothed at base. 4. E. procera. 
Dioicous, seta slightly papillose, spores 8+12y, leaves 
entire. 8. E. contorta. 
§$ 1. Haplolepideae 
I. ENCALYPTA EXTINCTORIA (L.) Sw. Disp.” Musc. Suec. 24. 1799 
Bryum extinctorium L. Sp. Pl. 1116. 1753. 
Leersia extinctoria Hedw. Fundam. 2:88. 1782. 
Leersia marginata Hedw. Fundam. 2: 103. 1782. 
Leersta vulgaris Hedw. Descr. 1: 46. 1787. 
Encalypia vulgaris Hoffm. Deuts. Fl. 2:27. 1796. 
Encalypta cucullata C. Miill. & Kindb.; Macoun, Cat. Can. Pl. 
6: 96, in part. 1892. 
Encalypta extinctoria subsp. tenella Kindb.; Roll, Hedwigia 35: 
65. 1896. 
Plants small, about 0.5-1 cm. high; leaves up to 4 mm. long, 
I mm. wide; apical blade lingulate, apex cucullate contracted to 
an abrupt point; costa ending below the apex, smooth on both 
faces except slightly toothed at tip on back; margins plane, eros¢ 
above; papillose cells 12-14 long; cells of hyaline base oblong, 
up to 55u long by 15u wide, walls brown, slightly thickened at 
ends, with 7-8 rows of long narrow cells at margin; perichaetial 
leaves shorter and blunt at apex, usually carinate when moist. 
Monoicous; vaginule about 1.5 mm. long; seta 5-8 mm., red brown, 
not twisted; calyptra entire or ragged at base, slightly papillose 
at apex; lid about 1.5 mm. long; capsule 2-3 mm. long by 1 mm. 
wide, cylindric, smooth when young, ribbed when old; annulus 
simple, narrow; mouth marked by an irregular, broken row of ‘2 z 
quadrate, small, thickened cells; urn with the stomata sparse®y 
scattered over the entire surface; neck short, red, without stomata; 
peristome, when present, of simple fugacious teeth; spores roug? 
with large rounded papillae, 24-32, maturing in early spring- a. 
TYPE LocaLity: European. i 
DISTRIBUTION: On rocks and earth in the Rocky Mountains, 
from British Columbia to Colorado, and South Dakota; wester® 
states from Nevada to California. Also Eurasia and Australasia, 
according to Paris Index (45s). ee 
ILLusTRATiIons: Dill. Hist. Musc. pl. 45. f. 8. 1741 (as 
Bryum); Hedw. Descr. 1: pl. 18. 1787 (as Leersia); Bryol. Eut- Ai 
pl. 199. 1838 (as E. vulgaris). ig 
