442 CoKER: NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF ENCALYPTA 
the back; margins revolute below the middle, above entire or 
erose with truncate, minutely papillose cells up to 13-24 in 
diameter; cells of the hyaline base not papillose, oblong, up to 
60u long by 13-2Iu wide, becoming narrower toward the margin, 
the basal cells with brown walls; perichetial leaves slightly smaller. 
Monoicous; seta yellow to brown, 5-10 mm. high; calyptra 
broadening at base into a deep regular fringe of larger cells, 
smooth or slightly roughened at apex; lid beaked, up to 2 mm. 
long; annulus present, of one row of cuneate cells; capsule 3-5 
mm. long by I mm. wide, cylindric, smooth; mouth narrow 
bordered by 3-5 rows of smaller thickened cells; urn with numerous 
large.stomata from the middle to the neck; peristome deeply 
inserted, single; teeth lanceolate with 5-7 joints, which are longi- 
tudinally papillose inside and occasionally with a darker colored - 
preperistome partially covering the basal segments; spores up to 
37u in diameter, with radiating stellate lines, maturing in summer. 
TYPE LOCALITY: European. 
DISTRIBUTION: Alpine and mountain regions; Eastern States 
from Maine to northern New York; North Central States from 
Michigan to Wisconsin, Minnesota; Rocky Mountains from 
Montana to New Mexico; west coast from Washington to Cali- 
fornia; British America from Ontario to British Columbia. Also 
Europe, Asia, Africa and Australia. 
ILLUSTRATIONS: Dill. Hist. Musc. pl. 45. f. 9. 1741; Hedw, 
Descr. 1. pl. 19. 1787; Bryol. Eur. pl. 200. 1838. 
ExsIccaATAE: Drummond. Musci Am. 50. 1828; Sull. & Lesq. 
Musci Bor. Am. 171. 1856; ed. 2. 165. 1865; Austin, Musci Ap. 
174. 1870; Macoun, Can. Musci 132 (as E. ciliata), and 133 (as 
E. Macounii); Allen, Mosses of Cascade Mts. Wash. 45; Holz. 
Musci Acro. Bor. Am. 213. 1906; Pringle, Plantae Mexicanae 
10547 (as E. mexicana). 
4a. Encalypta laciniata microstoma (Schimp.) comb. nov. 
Encalypta ciliata var. microstoma Schimp. Coroll. Bryol. Eur. 38. 2 
1855. 
Seta only. 3-6 mm. high; calyptra with brown fringe; capsule se 
narrowing to a small mouth. Neck somewhat longer and running 
down into the seta; peristome smaller, irregular, often lacking; oe 
spores very finely papillose, less transparent, and the radiating lines 
less distinct; ripe in August. 
DistriBuTION: Northern New York and in the alpine regions & 
of the Rocky Mountains. Also Europe and Asia. 
eae 
