446 COoKER: NortTH AMERICAN SPECIES OCF ENCALYPTA 
of long narrow cells; perichaetial leaves 2-3 mm., more acuminate. 
Dioicous. Seta about 1.5-2 cm. long, slightly papillose, purple; 
calyptra 8-10 mm. long by I mm. wide, brown, lacerate at base, 
very rough at apex, entire surface slightly papillose; lid 1.5 mm. 
long; capsule 4-5 mm. by 2-3 mm. wide, larger at base, deeply 
grooved with 8 striae, which are spirally twisted 2-3 times around 
the capsule; annulus large, compound, persistent; mouth bordered 
by 2-3 rows of small thick-walled quadrate cells; neck short, 
stomatose, red; peristome double; teeth long, narrow, orange- 
’ colored, very papillose; endostome with 32 paler papillose segments, 
one half the length of teeth, united at base by a thin papillose 
membrane; spores 8—12yu, smooth, irregular, ripe in early summer. 
TYPE LOCALITY: European. 
DISTRIBUTION: On limestone rock, sand and earth in tem- ~ 
- perate and alpine regions of Canada and Ontario to the Rocky 
Mountains; Eastern States from Vermont to Virginia; Central 
States from Ohio to Minnesota; Colorado and California, accord- 
ing to Paris Index. Also Europe and Asia. Fruit plentiful in 
Europe but not yet found in North America. 
ILLUsTRATIONS: Hedw. Sp. Musc. pl. ro. 1801 (as Encalypla 
streptocarpa); Bryol. Eur. pl. 204. 1838. 
EXSICCATAE: Sull. Musci Allegh. 752. 1845; Aust. Musci App- 
175. 1870; Macoun, Can. Musci 135; Holz. Musci Acro. Bor. Am. 
I4I. 1904. ae . 
I would like to acknowledge my appreciation of the assistance — : 
and unfailing interest given by Mrs. N. L. Britton, without which © 
this work could not have been done. I am also indebted to the See 
officers of the New York Botanical Garden for help and the use of = 
the Library and the Herbarium, and to Professor J. M. Macoum, — 
of the Department of Mines, Geological Survey, Ottawa, Canada, 
for the loan of the Macoun collections of Encalypta, containing © 
the types and co-types of eamchingh 3 and Miiller. 
COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY. 
CHRONOLOGICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY 
1. Dillen, J. J. Historia muscorum. Oxford. 1741. 
2. Linnaeus, C. Species plantarum. Stockholm. 1753- 
3. Swartz, O. Methodus muscorum illustrata. Upsala. 1781. _ 
4. Hedwig, J. Fundamentum historiae naturalis muscorum fron 
dosorum 2. Leipzig. 1782. 
5. Leysser, F. W. von. Flora halensis. Ed. 2. Halle. 1783- 
