1919] STOUT—INTERSEXES 123 
of variation is to be seen over a wide geographical area. Un- 
doubtedly many of the plants classed as intermediate gynomo- 
noecious, especially by CORRENS, present a range of variations 
quite identical to those here described. 
The wide geographical range of this species, and especially its 
recent rapid spread in America, give opportunity to observe to 
what extent there is geographic distribution of races possessing 
distinctive differences in sex heteromorphism. 
Discussion 
The term intersexuality, as especially applied by GoLpscHMiptT 
to conditions of sex in Lymaniria dispar, can with equal adequacy be 
applied to such sex variations as are evident in Plantago lanceolata. 
It must be recognized. that the significance of such variations 
is to be sought in the conception that there may be different 
degrees in the expression of maleness and femaleness. Cases of 
intersexuality afford material for the study of ~~ and degrees 
of sexuality and sex determination. 
The observations reported for P. lanceolata refer almost 
entirely to maleness. The variations in development of the 
stamens, with their anthers and contents, are easily and directly 
to be observed. Evidences of marked variations in the develop- 
ment and functioning of the pistils are also in evidence, and further 
studies of femaleness are in progress. 
It is very evident that there is a wide range of variation in 
the degree in which maleness is expressed. Measured by the 
amount of sporogenous tissue, there is every degree of sexual 
.development between the highest grade seen and complete steril- 
ity.. The size of the stamen as a whole and the size and shape 
of its various parts exhibit a series from the normal to extremely 
rudimentary structures. There are two forms in which this 
decrease in maleness is expressed. In one the stamens are greatly 
reduced in size; in the other they become foliose. " The foliose 
character is seen first in the slight enlargements of the sterile 
tissue at the apex of the anther, as shown in figs. 19 and 29. 
It is to be recognized that the impotence of one or the other 
of the sex organs involved in intersexuality is to be distinguished 
