GLEASON: TAXONOMIC STUDIES IN VERNONIA 239 
tip; achenes hirsute;-pappus white, its bristles 6.5-7 mm. long, 
the paleae very irregular in length, as much as 1.5-2 mm. long, 
minutely erect-ciliate; flowers white or pink. 
Type: Shafer 172, collected in Montserrat, January 23, 1907, 
and deposited in the herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden. 
The same herbarium also contains sheets of three other collec- 
tions made on the same expedition, Shafer 589, 659, and 661. 
This handsome species is obviously closely related to V. longi- 
folia Pers., as shown by the shape and pubescence of the leaves, 
the inflorescence, and the character of the involucral scales. It 
is distinguished from that species at sight by the white pappus, 
as well as by the slightly larger heads, the much larger pappus- 
bristles, which are only 4-5 mm. long in V. longifolia, and the 
unusually long, barely ciliate paleae. It is a pleasure to name the 
species in honor of its first collector, the late John A. Shafer, 
who discovered several other interesting Vernoniae in the West 
Indies. 
VERNONIA RACEMOSA Delp. 
Vernonia racemosa Delp. Mem. Accad. Torino II. 14: 396. 1854. 
Vernonia araripensis Gleason (in part), Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 4: 
181. 1906, not Gardn. 
Vernonia sericea L..C. Rich. subsp. racemosa Ekman, Ark. Bot. 
13:85. I914. 
The two sheets in the herbarium of the New York Botanical 
Garden, which were referred by Ekman to V. racemosa as a sub- 
species of V. sericea, differ in certain features from V. sericea, with 
which they are not associated geographically, and agree better in 
general character with the linear-leaved species of Hispaniola 
and adjacent Cuba. The species-group Arborescentes, which in- 
cludes V. sericea, has leaves of a broad type, not revolute, and 
comparatively few spreading cymes near the ends of the branches, 
producing a rather short and broad inflorescence. V. racemosa 
and its allied species have revolute, linear leaves and: narrow, 
elongate inflorescences, composed of relatively short and few- 
headed cymes distributed over a considerable length of the axis. 
While this latter character is largely one of habit, the narrow revo- 
lute leaves afford a ready and accurate means of distinguishing it 
and its allies from the Arborescentes. 
