546 REPORT UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. 



and that is McDougal's Pass. This is very high, reaching almost to the 

 summit of the range. When we crossed, about the middle of July, we 

 found the gorge at the head of the creek, on the west side of the pass, 

 entirely filled with an immense snow-bank, reminding one of a glacier. 

 "Whether it is or not could not be positively determined, as the snow 

 obscured everything. It extended for several miles down the gorge. 

 On a creek coming southward from back of Virginia Peak a similar 

 snow-bank was noted. On its surface were rocks and earth, and at the 

 bottom a mass of detrital matter resembling a small terminal moraine. 

 It seems probable that this snow remains throughout the entire year. 

 Whether there is any motion in these snow-banks I do not know. 

 They may be simply compacted neves. It is very improbable that they 

 are glaciers. A broad Indian trail crosses the pass, following up Sickle 

 Creek from John Day's Creek, and thence down Glacier Creek into the 

 valley of Salt Eiver. 



Between the head of the first creek south of Sickle Creek and Mount 

 Wagner the trend of the range is about north and south. North of this 

 point it bends a little to the westward. In this southern portion of the 

 range there is a rather steep front on the east side, and from this spurs 

 extend toward John Day's Eiver, with bluff faces at the ends between 

 the streams. The latter head against the main crest, back of the bluffy 

 spurs. North of Sickle Creek these bluffy spurs have the dignity of a 

 range, forming an unbroken crest, facing the valley of John' Day's 

 Eiver, with steep slopes. The trend of this range is north 15° west, 

 and the beds dip south of west. Virginia Peak is an outlying spur of 

 this sub-range towards the north end. A station was made on it by Mr. 

 J. E. Mushbach, who reported the rocks to be limestones, dipping south 

 of west, but at what angle he was unable to tell. The line of junction 

 between the limestones and the deposits in the valley was obscured by 

 the debris from the mountains, as at all other places along the east side of 

 the range. He found quantities of fossils, among which Professor White 

 has identified the following : 



Spirifer striatus. 



Spirifer (Martinia) planoconvexus. 



Zaphrentis 1 



Fenestella 1 



Glauconome f 



Spirifer f 



Rlwmbopora ? 



Clionetes 1 



Syr-ingopora ? 



These fix the age of the strata as Carboniferous beyond doubt. 



It is probable that a fault extends along this eastern side of the range. 

 The range has been uplifted with a force that has thrown its component 

 rocks into the sharpest of folds. If not a fault we would have to sup- 

 pose the uplift to have taken place in Pre-Cretaceous time, which is not 

 at all probable. The regular front presented by the range also im- 

 presses one with the fact of the presence of a fault. 



At the head of Sickle Creek, in limestones that are cherty, I found 

 good specimens of Productus multistriatus. They occur in blue lime- 

 stones just above a layer of quartzite. The structure here is somewhat 

 obscure, but I think the head of Sickle Creek is on the line of an anti- 

 clinal fold which continues southward, soon becoming very sharp, and 

 with the eastern side of the fold removed and perhaps complicated by 

 a fault. This is rendered probable from the fact that Glacier Creek has 



