182 PHYSIOLOGY OP THE DOMESTIC ANIMALS. 



This substance is one of the most useful of the various distillation 

 residues, unless, as is often the case, the grain which has undergone the 

 fermentation has contained the seeds of the Agrostemma githago, when 

 it will possess poisonous properties. 



Beet Residue. — The residue from beet distillation contains only 9 

 per cent, of solids, -0.9 per cent, proteids, 0.1 per cent, fats, 6.2 per 

 cent, non-nitrogenous extractive matters, 1.2 per cent, cellulose, and 0.6 

 per cent, of ash. It is, therefore, the poorest in nutritive substances 

 and the richest in water. 



For preservation of the distillery residues, either they may be dried, 

 especially when mixed with various forms of dry fodder, or they ra&y in 

 the fresh condition be preserved by the mixture of salicylic acid, one 

 gramme for every fifty-four pounds. A process of preservation which is 

 frequently employed depends upon the souring of the fresh residue in 

 the formation of lactic acid fermentation, — a process which is accompanied 

 by great loss of non-nitrogenous and proteid constituents. In spite, 

 however, of this loss in nutritive constituents, this method furnishes a 

 cheap and simple mode of preserving distillery residues. 



The residue from the extraction of sugar from beets, from starch 

 out of wheat and potatoes, and that remaining after the alcoholic fer- 

 mentation of starchy and sugary substances, as in the distillation of 

 spirits, are all valuable food-stuffs. All these substances contain but 

 small amounts of solids, and the proportion of nitrogenous to non- 

 nitrogenous matters is somewhat lower than in the raw material ; but 

 inorganic matters and fats are present in considerable amount and 

 render them important accessory foods under certain circumstances. 



The diffusion residue from the extraction of sugars from beet-roots 

 furnishes a readily digestible form of food which is richer in water and 

 poorer in inorganic constituents than the sugar-beets. It contains — 



Solids, . . . . . 



10.2 per cent. 



Nitrogenous matters, 



0.9 



Fats, ... ... 



0.05 " 



Non-nitrogenous extractive matters, 



6.3 " 



Cellulose, 



2,4 " 



Ash, 



0.6 " 



For cattle and hogs as much as one hundred kilogrammes per one 

 thousand kilogrammes of body weight of this fresh residue may be given 

 as food, only larger amounts may be given to animals which are desired 

 to fatten rapidly. Larger quantities of this fodder alter both the char- 

 acter and quantity of the meat and the fat of animals and the character 

 of the milk. For draught cattle, it is unsuitable, as is also the case for 

 sheep, with the exception of fattening sheep, which may stand it almost 

 as well as cattle. Horses can only receive small amounts, — ten to twenty 

 kilogrammes per thousand kilogrammes of body weight, — and then only 



