344 



PHYSIOLOGY OF THE DOMESTIC ANIMALS. 



method of operation is the same as that employed in the dog. In recent times 

 special gastric fistula? have been performed by Klemensiewicz, who excised in the 

 living dog the pyloric portion of the stomach, and afterward stitched together the 

 duodenum and the remaining part of the stomach, thus establishing the continuity 

 of the latter organ. The excised part, with its vessels intact, was stitched to the 



Fig. 146.— Gastric Fistula, Laid Open. {Bernard.) 



m mt mtt m"', section of the abdominal walls ; a, section of the walls of the stomach ; c, folds of the mucous 

 membrane, E; O, cicatricial tissue at the orihce of the tistula. 



abdominal wall after closing its lower end by sutures. Heidenhain, by employing 

 the antiseptic method, was able to preserve three dogs out of seven thus operated 

 on. He also succeeded in isolating in the same manner the cardiac extremity of 

 the stomach by means of this operation ; therefore, it is rendered possible to obtain 

 pure gastric secretion from either the pyloric or the cardiac extremity of this 



organ, and the characters of the 

 secretions from these parts are 

 rendered accessible for study. 



In order to collect gastric 

 juice for analysis the dog must 

 be allowed to fast for at least 

 twenty-four hours, so as to 

 empty the stomach, and the 

 secretion of gastric juice may 

 be stimulated by tickling the 

 inner surface of the stomach 

 with a feather tied to a glass 

 rod. The gastric juice will then 

 flow along the glass rod out of 

 the stomach, and may be col- 

 lected in a glass beaker. 



Bernard's method of stim- 

 ulating the flow of gastric juice 

 was to give a dog which had 

 been fasting for some time a 

 hearty meal of thoroughly 

 boiled tripe, which furnished a 

 normal stimulus to the giistric 

 glands, and, being almost indi- 

 gestible, does not contaminate the gastric juice to any great extent, and is there- 

 fore in some respects preferable to mechanical stimulation. 



That the gastric juice may be obtained perfectly pure, the salivary ducts 

 should be tied, otherwise the fluid obtained from the stomach will be more or less 

 mixed with the saliva. 



Fig. 147.— Gastric Fistula. {Bernard.) 



E, stomach; D, duodenum: M, muscles of the abdominal walls; O, 



external orifice of the fistula. 



