404 PHYSIOLOGY OP THE DOMESTIC ANIMALS. 



The following table represents the composition of the pancreatic 

 juice of the clog, as obtained from permanent and temporary fistulse: — 



Temporary Permanent 



Fistula. Fistula. 



Water, 900.8 984.06 



Solids 92.2 15.4 



Organic matter, 90.4 9.2 



Ash, 8.8 6.1 



The following table represents the analyses of the ash : — 



Temporary Permanent 



Fistula. B'istula. 



Sodium, 0.58 3.31 



Sodium chloride 7.35 2.50 



Potassium chloride 0.02 0.93 



Phosphatic earths with traces of iron, . 0.53 0.08 



Sodium phosphates, . . . .... 0.01 



Lime and magnesium, .... 0.32 0.01 



The solids in pancreatic juice are, however, subject to great vari- 

 ation. Bernard found in the secretion from temporary fistulas in the 

 dog 8 to 10 per cent, of solids, Tiedemann and Gmelin.8.7 per cent, of 

 solids, of which 7.89 per cent, were organic and 0.72 per cent, ash, while 

 in the secretion of the sheep 3.6 to 5.2 per cent, of solids have been 

 found. 



According to Hoppe-Seyler, in 1000 parts of pancreatic secretion, 

 obtained from a diverticulum in the pancreatic duct of the horse, 982.5 

 parts were water, 8.88 parts organic matter, and 8.59 parts ash. 



In the rabbit the solids have been placed at 1.76 per cent., while in 

 the ram 1.43 to 3.69 per cent, of solids have been determined through 

 various analyses. 



The Pancreatic Ferments. — The pancreatic ferments may be together 

 extracted from the fresh gland by a process of mincing and extracting 

 with glycerin ; on adding alcohol to the glycerin extract, the proteo- 

 lytic and amylolytie ferments may be precipitated. If, however, the 

 gland be first treated with alcohol before extraction with glycerin, the 

 proteolytic ferment will not be found in the solution, while the diastatic 

 ferment will be present in large amounts. It is claimed, however, that 

 if the pancreas of the ox be allowed to remain for a long time in 

 alcohol, and then extracted with glycerin, a preparation will be obtained 

 which contains all three of these ferments. 



Various processes have been proposed <br the isolation of these three fer- 

 ments. Danilewsky recommends for the isolation of the proteolytic ferment 

 that the pancreas should be taken from an animal killed six hours after a copious 

 meal, and, after washing, should be ground up with clean sand and digested for 

 two hours with water, at a temperature which should not rise above 30° C. The 

 mixture should then be filtered, and the nitrate, which contains both amylolytie 

 and proteolytic ferments, treated with an excess of calcined magnesia to remove 

 fatty acids, filtered, and added to one-third its volume of thick collodion, which 

 carries down the fibrin-ferment in a crumbly mass. The ether should then he 

 evaporated, and the resulting mass washed with alcohol and ether, and by now 



