424 Railway from St. Petersburgh to Moscow. 



and a variety of other purposes, for which black marble and other 

 fossil substances are used, this fossil can be substituted at a less cost 

 and with less difficulty in the cutting or carving. A very elegant 

 vase of this material, something in the shape of the well-known 

 Warwick vase, but natter and partaking more of the patera shape, 

 has been lately cut out of a block of Cannel coal, or rather " turned" 

 out of the block by means of the lathe, and the tools are similar tools 

 to those employed in the cutting of wood or brass. The artist is a 

 Mr. J. Dallaway, to whom it would be less than justice not to say that 

 he has produced a most elegant piece of work. The vase stands on a 

 fluted column of the same material. The polish, which the material of 

 which it is composed receives with very little labour, is surprising, — 

 it appears like the finest negro antico. The block came from the 

 estate of the Duke of Norfolk, near Sheffield. — Times. — Ibid. 



Railway from St. Petersburg to Moscow. — The Revue de Paris 

 says, that no European railway will go so directly to its terminus as 

 this. The one great point was, to effect the journey between the 

 two capitals in a single day ; and this could only be done by keep- 

 ing the road away from all the intermediate towns — carrying it 

 over the steppe by a line like the bird's flight. The distance will, 

 accordingly, be twenty- eight leagues less than by the Imperial high- 

 way. " There is," says the Revue, " something truly Muscovite in 

 this idea of an iron road which nothing can turn out of its course, 

 but which, across boundless solitudes, hurries on to its object, in- 

 flexible as destiny." — Ibid. 



Migrations of Salmon. — About a year and a half ago, Lord Glen- 

 lyon, with the praiseworthy motive of deciding the long-agitated ques- 

 tion as to whether the salmon, after returning to the ocean from its 

 spawning-ground, again re-sought the same river on another return 

 of the season, caused a number of kelts, or foul fish, to be caught and 

 marked, by attaching a label, by a ring, to what is called the dead fin 

 of each. Last summer a number of these were captured on various 

 stations in the Tay, but, so far as we have heard, none in the Earn ; 



