526 Chemical Physiology and Pathology. 



ing, the inhabitants of these elevated and cold regions are 

 species of such natural orders and genera as compose the 

 mass of the Polar vegetation. It is so to a great extent with 

 certain groups of Ranunculacece, of Graminice, Caryopyllece, 

 Crucijerce, Grielece, $c. $-c, but not with Gentianece ; the 

 proportion which the species of the transition temperate 

 zones bear to the other plants of those regions on the one 

 hand, and to the tropical species of the same genus on the 

 other, is in both cases remarkably small. They are entirely 

 unknown to the Floras of the Polar American Islands ; very 

 few inhabit Greenland, Iceland, or the Arctic sea-shores 

 in the north, or Tasmania, New Zealand, Fuegia, or the 

 Antarctic Islands in the south ; and again in other parts of 

 N. Europe and America, or of Chili and Patagonia, they 

 are infinitely less numerous than in the Alps of Middle and 

 South Europe, or the Andes of the equator." 



Most sincerely do we wish the Author health and leisure 

 to complete the important works he has undertaken in the 

 same style in which they have been begun. What has 

 already appeared stamps him as a Botanist of very high 

 rank, and places him at once, and that too at an early age, 

 among the leading ones of the day. 



Sketch of the modem views regarding Physiological and Pa- 

 thological Chemistry . 



[The following popular account of the application of chemistry to Physiology 

 and Pathology is mainly a condensed translation of a paper by Dr. Kloss of Frank- 

 fort, with a few alterations and additions. — J. M. 1'.] 



1. Physiological chemistry has of late years made more 

 rapid progress than any other science, and has exercised 

 an important influence on practical medicine, although many 

 of its supposed results require confirmation. 



(a.) Principles of Chemistry in the vegetable kingdom. 

 (According to Liebig,) the immediate constituent of all vege- 



