Notes on Geology and Mineralogy of Affghanistan. 607 



" Between Girishk and the Khaush, there is not a 

 single stream excepting during the winter ; but there are 

 many of what, in India, are called nullahs. I cannot say 

 whether the Ibrahim Jooee is a natural stream or a canal 

 cut from the Furrah, though I am disposed to think it the 

 former.* It does not join the Khaush, being lost long before 

 reaching the plain of Bukwa. On the upper road from 

 Girishk to Herat, the Ibrahim Jooee, at the place at which 

 it is crossed, has all the appearance of a natural nullah ; 

 lower down its waters are drawn off over the plain, and at 

 Bukwa its place is scarcely known. There is no branch or 

 tributary of the Khaush between Dilaram and Bukwa. 



" From the hills north of the plain of Bukwa, all the water- 

 courses tend S. West. Looking South and S. West from 

 Bukwa, the ground evidently slopes away towards the desert 

 of Seistan. Next comes the Furrah river, too large to be 

 misplaced much, but I am not aware of any other stream 

 between it and the Adriskund ; there are plenty of nullahs, 

 but unfurnished with water except for a few days in winter. 

 The Adriskund is a decent stream, flowing from the hills 

 to the N. E. of the road, in a south-west direction, appa- 

 rently into the Subzawar river, which eventually, I believe, 

 joins the Furrah river, before entering the Zurrah lake. 

 Midway between the Adriskund and the Heri Rood, or 

 Herat river, or Pool-i-Malan (the latter name from Elphin- 

 stone, is the name of a bridge over the river) is a high range. 

 South of which all the streams run S. W. ; and North of it, 

 all water-courses trend to the Heri Rood, of the valley of 

 which this range is the southern boundary. The Heri Rood 

 runs West for some distance, and then turning N. West is 

 lost in the sands." 



The courses of all these streams is thus seen to be in- 

 fluenced by the mountainous nature of the districts which 



* Its name leads me to suppose it a canal, being literally " Ibrahim's canal." 



