Synopsis of Indian Composite. 31/ 



stigmata scarcely distinct : achaenia obovate, tetragonal, glab- 

 rous, smooth : pappus wanting. Herbaceous plants : involu- 

 crum several series, exterior foliacious, middle ones with an 

 ovate spiny appendix ; interior acuminate pungent : receptacle 

 loaded with linear fimbrillae : flowers yellow or orange 

 coloured. 



84. Cirsium, (Tourn. D. C. 6-634). Capitula homoga- 

 mous : flowers hermaphrodite or dioicous : tube of the corolla 

 short, throat oblong 5-cleft : anthers ecaudate : stigmas con- 

 creted : achaenia oblong, compressed, glabrous, membranace- 

 ous, ecostate, with a fleshy terminal areola. Herbaceous 

 thistle-like plants : involucrum imbricated, scales more or less 

 prickly pointed : receptacle fimbriliferous : flowers purple or 

 yellow. 



85. Cham^epeuce, (Pr. Alp. D. C. 6-657). Capitula ho- 

 mogamous : corolla 5-cleft, equal or subringent : filaments 

 plumose or hairy : anthers with an oblong acute appendiculus, 

 and long lacerated cauda : stigmas scarcely free at the point : 

 achaenia obovate with a hard testa: setae of the pappus plumose, 

 one or several series. Suffruticose or herbaceous plants, with 

 prickly leaves : capitula terminal or axillary : involucrum 

 imbricated, scales more or less pungent : receptacle fimbrili- 

 ferous : flowers purple or white. 



86. Echenais, (Cass. D. C. 6-660). Differs from the pre- 

 ceding, in the achaenia being striated and the pappus double ; 

 the exterior setae short, the interior longer, dilated at the apex 

 into a flattened nail-like membranaceous disk. Erect herba- 

 ceous plants : capitula nodding : flowers white. 



87- Serratula, (D. C. 6-667). Capitula usually homo- 

 gamous sometimes by abortion, 1 -sexual, or the ray female: 

 corolla 5-cleft, subirregular : filaments pilose : stigmas diverg- 



