118 Bigeloio — The Inversion of Temperature Amplitudes 

 Table I. — The Temperature Departures for the United States, 1873-1909— ConcJttded. 



Year 



1 



4 





< 



1 



a 



>. 

 1 







•4J 



i 



i 







i 



1900 +108 



+ 



9 



+ 33 



+ 48 



+ 54 



+ 42 



+ 8 



+38 



+ 28 



+ 75 



+ 



30 



+ 59 



+ 532 



716 



+ 348 





_ 



— 



42 



- 30 



-23 



- 1 



- 9 



-13 



-20 



-15 



- 3 



— 



24 



_ 2 



-134 







1901 



+ 62 



+ 



7 



+ 40 



+ 12 



+ 32 



+ 25 



+ 75 



+ 21 



+ 6 



+ 23 



+ 



30 



+ 12 



+ 345 



567 



+ 123 





- 1 



— 



49 



- 14 



-35 



-19-23 



- 2 



- 5 



-14 



- 4 



_ 



20 



- 36 



-222 







1902 



+ 48 



+ 



40 



+ 63 



+ 19 



+ 42| + 12 



+ 7 



+ 17 



+ 2 



+ 30 



+ 



64 



+ ■ 7 



+ 351 



615 



+ 87 





- 12 



— 



45 



- 12 



-13 



- 5-22 



-19 



-13 



-46 



- 2 



— 



5 



- 70 



-264 







1903 



+ 50 



+ 



12 



+ 45 



+ 9 



+ 10+14 



+ 3 



+ 7 



+ 1 



+ 30 



+ 



14 



+ 18 



+ 213 



594 



-168 





- 3 



— 



98 



- 15 



-17 



-23-47 



-25 



-20 



-45 



-10 



— 



22 



- 56 



-381 







1904 



+ 18 



+ 



40 



+ 45 



+ 10 



+ 12|+ 3 



+ 1 



+ 5 



+ 20 



+ 20 



+ 



48 



+ 12 



+ 234 



536 



- 68 





- 40 



— 



53 



- 9 



-40 



-13 -32 



-30 



-25 



- 9 



- 9 



_ 



10 



- 30 



-302 







1905 



+ 15 



+ 



10 



+ 135 



+ 12 



+ 13 



+ 11 



+ 9 



+ 20 



+ 40 



+ 5 



+ 



38 



+ 12 



+ 320 



646 



— 6 





- 56 



— 



70 



- 1 



-25 



-30 



-23 



-30 



- 7 



- 1 



-37 



— 



8 



- 38 



-326 



1 





1906 



+ 90 



+ 



60 



+ 1 



+ 42 



+ 4 



+ 8 



+ 30 



+-20 



+ 50 



+ 17 



+ 



17 



+ 55 



+ 394 



633 



+ 155 





_ 2 



— 



8 



- 90 



— 5 



-12 



-30 



-24 



-12 



- 3 



-25 





12 



- 16 



-239 







1907 



+ 66 



+ 



72 



+ 90 



+ 7 



+ 5 



+ 4 



+ 12 



+ 13 



+ 19 



+ 45 



+ 



32 



+ 80 



+ 445 



841 



+ 49 





- 80 



— 



23 



— 7 



-63 



-85 



-45 



-15 



-30 



-17 



-18 



— 



13 







-396 







1908 



+ 100 



+ 



48 



+ 80 



+ 50 



+ 9 



+ 7 



+ 20 



+ 4 



+ 50 



+ 16 



+ 



52 



+ 30 



+ 466 



658 



+ 274 





- 1 



— 



20 







- 2 



-36 



-42 



-17 



-19 



- 6 



-24 



— 



5 



- 20 



-192 







1909 



+ 48 



+ 



64 



+ 18 



+ 6 



+ 1 



+ 10 



+ 9 



+ 28 



+ 15 



+ 12 



+ 



90 



+ 2 



+ 303 



581 



+ 25 





- 16 



- 



4 



- 18 



-35 



-36 



- 4 



-24 



- 6 



-10 



-16 



- 



1 



-108 



-278 







Mean temperature amplitude number 629 



(3) These charts, in a more restricted problem, enable us 

 immediately to test the phenomenon of the inversion of tem- 

 peratures in the United States relative to that in tlie tropics, 

 and to the variation of solar energy, whereby the force func- 

 tion of the circulation in controllingj the local temperatures of 

 the temperate zones can be fully realized. 



It is necessary to integrate in a simple way the total effect of 

 the temperature variations in the United States, by months 

 and by years. We may conceive the temperature charts to 

 represent cones, or topographical volumes of departures, and 

 the volume for each month may be taken approximately, 



— A. , w_,.„ 



where A is the area of the region covered by a departure of 

 one sign, and d^^^ is the maximum temperature variation at the 

 apex, or practically the altitxide of the cone. 



Since we are now 



seeking only relative numbers, the factor „- can be dispensed 



with as pertaining merely to the scale of the diagrams to be 

 drawn, which is an indifferent matter. Thus, on fig. 1, take 

 the area of the United States equal to 10 ; assume proportional 

 parts for the positive and negative areas of departure, as 7 for 

 the eastern or positive region, and 3 for the western or neg- 



