132 J. ir. Beede — Correlation of the Gitadahipian 



mountains to the Texas line _ijave assurance of the stratigrapiiic 

 position of the uppermost beds sliown at Carlsbad and at Queen. 



Near Carlsbad were studied a locality thirteen miles west of 

 town (Kve miles west of INIcKitrick spring), and another at the 

 mouth of Dark canyon. The beds here consist of thin lime- 

 stones and covered slopes apparently composed of soft sand- 

 stones or clays. Shales are visible at McKitrick spring. These 

 rocks overlie the massive upper Guadalupian limestone. Nu- 

 merous pieces of yellowish sandstone were seen on the noi'th 

 side of Pine canyon, near Guadalupe Point on the top of the 

 mountain, though none were seen in place. Near the head of 

 Dog canyon and about Queen the sandstones are in place. The 

 stratigraphy is well shown in Sitting Bull canyon just below 

 Queen. The physical character of the CapitaTi in the northei-n 

 extension of the Guadalupes changes rapidly. In Pine canj'on 

 itself it seems to be composed to some extent of large lenticular 

 masses, while in Sitting Bull canyon rocks nearly 500 feet 

 below the summits of the mountain show cross-bedding on a 

 magnificent scale. Sometimes the lithological character of the 

 beds varies very rapidly. North of the region of Guadalupe 

 Point, the purer limestones appear to be replaced by those of 

 dolomitic appearance, and with this change the Capitan fauna 

 ceases, being nearly unknown north of the Texas line. 



In the vicinity of Carlsbad the general stratigraphic relations 

 of the red beds and underlying limestones and sandstones are 

 well shown. A section of the rocks at the locality west of the 

 McKitrick spring is as follows : 



10. First terrace of thin-bedded limestone resting on 



Guadalupian limestone 70 ft. 



9. Main cliff of limestone 10 " 



8. Soft arenaceous bmestone --... 5 " 



7. Limestone lying below main cliff - 12 " 



6. Limestone, pisolitic in the upper part 5 " 



5. Limestone, hard, oolitic in places 15 " 



4. Hard limestone, locally oolitic .- - 5 " 



3. Limestone, dark below, lighter above 50 " 



2. Dense or poi'ous limestone with much travertine.. _ 4 " 



1. Fine-grained crystalline homogeneous limestone 5 " 



Total 241 " 



Fossils were taken from blocks of massive limestone, 

 probably from near the base of the section. Near Carlsbad 

 these iipper rocks (number 10 of the section), and other strata 

 not exposed, appear to be two or three hundred feet thick and 

 plunge with gentle dip beneath the red beds of the Pecos 

 valley. The red beds of this region are composed of sand- 



