o 



Sea- Cliff of the Lowe)' Saint Lawrence. 311 



in Newfoundland and Labrador,* it seems possible at pres- 

 ent neither to affirm nor to deny the correlation of the 

 Micmac shoreline with the submerged stumps described by 

 Dawson and others. Here is a fruitful field for investigation, 

 in which much may be learned from a botanical study of 

 samples of salt marsh deposits, following the methods of Davis 

 and Johnson. 



It will be noticed that if the Micmac sea-cliff was cut back 

 during a stage of slow coastal submergence, a record of this 

 submergence might be left, in protected reentrants, in the 

 form of forest beds buried by the advancing gravels and sands 

 of the beach, and subsequently raised, with the overlying 

 material, above high-tide mark; in other words, stumps and 

 fresh-water peat might be discovered beneath the marine sands 

 on the Micmac terrace. Search for chance excavations or 

 natural sections of the terrace which would show such stumps, 

 during the season of 1910, was unrewarded. The negative 

 evidence, however, is of little weight. It is desirable that a 

 more thorough test of the underground structure of the Mic- 

 mac terrace be made, by taking samples of the deposits with a 

 soil auger, like the one used by Mr. Davis. 



Post-glacial movements in Scandinavia. — The investigation 

 of the raised beaches on the coast of Scandinavia, by De Geer, 

 Broegger, and others, indicate that the post-glacial movements 

 there have been essentially three in number, — two uplifts, 

 separated by a slight subsidence. When the hypothesis of 

 coastal subsidence as the cause of the great strength of the 

 Micmac terrace suggested itself to the writer, in the field, the 

 researches of the Scandinavian investigators were not at first 

 thought of, as bearing upon a possible three-fold movement in 

 southern Quebec. Yery soon, however, the recollection of 

 Broegger's statements concerning the complexity of the coastal 

 movements in Norway and Sweden and Denmark came to 

 mind, and their importance as affording a parallel case was 

 realized. 



The work done by the Scandinavian geologists on their 

 raised beaches .and the associated fossiliferous marine clays is 

 much more comprehensive than has yet been done in north- 

 eastern North America. Not only have the altitudes of the 

 beaches been measured at many points on the peninsula and in 

 Denmark, and isobases drawn to show the amount and extent 

 of the differential uplifts, but a great abundance of archeolog- 

 ical material has been collected, and the position of the several 

 distinct types of knives, axes, etc., with relation to the several 

 distinct shorelines has. been noted. Thus the relation of the 



*E. A. Daly : Geology of the northeast coast of Labrador. Bulletin Mus. 

 of Comp. Zo^l., vol. xxxviii, pp. 205-273, 1902, especially pp. 261-262. 



