Sea- Cliff of the Loioer Saint Lawrence. 315 



The points wherein the conclusions of investigators in Scan- 

 dinavia differ from those here reached for Canada are chiefly 

 the following: 



(a) In Scandinavia the uplifts are said to have been inter- 

 mittent, allowing time for the waves to cut distinct terraces at 

 a number of levels. This view is rather generally held by 

 English writers for the coastal movements of Scotland, and is 

 accepted, with some reservation, by Professor Daly as the con- 

 dition in Labrador.* In southern Quebec the uplifts, except 

 for the one conspicuous interruption, seem to have been steady 

 and continuous, although changing perhaps in rate, as already 

 noted. f While as Professor Daly has pointed out,;}; local vari- 

 ability in strength of the shorelines, due to local conditions of 

 exposure, slope, and other factors, may so mask the features 

 which should harmonize so as to destroy the evidences of 

 spasmodic uplift, the facts thus far observed indicate rather 

 that the uplift of the Lower Saint Lawrence region was not 

 seriously interrupted until the Micmac stage. The variety of 

 altitudes in river terraces in New England, and the raised 

 beaches of the New England coast, so far as they have yet 

 been studied, point, likewise, to the conclusion that the first 

 great uplift was steady, not spasmodic. 



(b) In Scandinavia the stage of post-glacial submergence, or 

 " LiitoTina, stage," occurred when only about five-sevenths of 

 the total uplift had been accomplished. The later elevation, 

 at Christiania, amounted to 200 feet. In Canada, if we take 

 Quebec, with over 600 feet total post-glacial uplift, as compar- 

 able to Christiania, we find that the later elevation amounted to 

 only 20 feet ; that is to say, the Micmac ' stage occurred after 

 about twenty-nine thirtieths of the uplift had taken place. 

 The nearly horizontal position of the Micmac terrace, between 

 Quebec and Matane, so far beneath the differentially upwarped 

 Champlain beach, indicates that the subsidence, if there was 

 one, came after this part of the region had nearly reached its 

 present condition of relative (if not absolute) stability, unless 

 the second elevation consisted in a tilt in a very different direc- 

 tion from the first one. 



The observations and conclusions of the Scandinavian investi- 

 gators suggest other points of similarity or dissimilarity 

 between the movements there and those here, which invite 

 careful study in the field. A few of these may now be men- 

 tioned. 



(a) Was the emergence of the Micmac terrace, in the Saint 

 Lawrence valley, accompanied by a concomitant subsidence of 

 coasts farther south, as has been pointed out for the region 



*Op. cit., pp. 252-254. 



fPp. 7-8. JLoc. cit. 



