Geology. 93 



ical survey of that country during two years preceding the Great 

 War. The report appears to have been written in Constanti- 

 nople, as the author was professor in a university temporarily 

 established there by the Germans during the war, and the preface 

 is dated in that city in the summer of 1918. He is now professor 

 of geology in the University of Leipzig. The text opens with a 

 geographical description of a group of Andine ranges which 

 enclose the bolson, or intermont basin, of Fiambala in the province 

 of Catamarca, Two chapters then treat the rocks of the region 

 in order of age; a fourth chapter discusses Andine structure; 

 a fifth takes up the structural deformation of the region and its 

 vulcanism, and a sixth treats the morphological evolution of the 

 highland margin. Studies of mountain structure and origin 

 have often been made elsewhere ; but it is rare to find so careful 

 an account of the origin and form of an intermont basin as is 

 here given. w. m. d. 



2. Der Selpausselka; von L. Leiviska. Fennia, 40, 1920. 

 389 pages, many maps and profiles, and 148 half-page photo- 

 plates. — This elaborate monograph, the product of ten years of 

 field-work on the two parallel morainic belts that traverse south- 

 ern Finland, is to be highly commended for its truly scientific 

 method. It first describes the features of each ridge with much 

 care giving many references to profiles, large-scale detailed maps, 

 and photo-plates; then generalizes the features thus described; 

 and finally presents a critical inquiry into the origin of the belts 

 and their relation to the sea in which the proglacial land area was 

 submerged as the ice sheet withdrew. The chief conclusion is 

 that the local plateaus, narrow ridges, or groups of hills, of 

 which the belts are composed, were formed largely by the out- 

 wash of many small streams during pauses in the retreat of the 

 ice sheet. w. m. d. 



3. De marine Kridtaflej ringer i Yestgr^ynland og deres Fauna; 

 by J. P. J. Ravn. Meddelelser om Gronland, vol. 56, pt, 9, pp. 313- 

 366, pi. 5-9, 1918. — This important paper, unfortunately in Dan- 

 ish, is the result of a critical study of the Cretaceous marine in- 

 vertebrates from western Greenland. Fifty-four species are 

 described. Fourteen of these are new and are referred to the 

 genera Pecten, Lucina, Modiolaria ( ?), Limopsis, Axinus, Denta- 

 lium, Cadulus, Margarita (?), Atlanta, Bulla and Cyclichna. 

 Ravn comes to substantially the same results as de Loriol, whose 

 study of this fauna was published by Heer in 1882, and followed 

 by Stanton in working over the material collected by White and 

 Schuchert in that region. Ravn considers the Patoot fauna as 

 corresponding to that of the Fox Hills of the western States. He 

 is inclined to also refer the Ata fauna (Atane beds) to our 

 Montana Group, but states that the evidence is not so good as in 

 the case of the Patoot fauna. All are regarded as of Senonian 

 age. Unfortunately only 31 of the 54 species are well preserved 

 and capable of accurate identification, and he states that there is 



