158 Twenhoftl and Dunbar — Modules with Fishes. 



Locality. — The outcrop from which the fossils were obtained 

 is almost within the city of Lawrence, at a small quarry and 

 pond near the southeast corner of Oak Hill cemetery. The 

 outcrop has been in existence for some years ; but the nodules 

 have not previously been noted, due to the fact that they are 

 not of the ordinary form, but have more the appearance of 

 weathered pebbles. At the time of discovery there were 

 several hundred lying upon the surface of the ground. 



Manner of Occurrence and Straiigraphic Position. — The 

 nodules occur in a thin bed of yellowish-gray shale which lies 

 immediately above the Kickapoo limestone, the thickness of 

 the shale not exceeding two inches. The surface of the lime- 

 stone is irregular, the elevations rising practically to the upper 

 surface of the nodule-bearing shale. The irregularities are due 

 to differential deposition, however, and not to any action of 

 surface weathering. The Kickapoo is one of the many thin, 

 persistent bands of limestone of the Kansas Coal Measures. 

 These bands outcrop in a northeast-southwest direction and 

 apparently extend entirely across the state. The Kickapoo is 

 stated to have been traced for a distance of two hundred miles, 

 and its thickness varies from four to fifteen feet. At the 

 nodule locality the thickness does not exceed four feet, and 

 while there seems to be a slight thickening eastward, the 

 amount is apparently nor, significant. As a rule the limestone 

 is not well exposed, since the thick, overlying Lawrence shale 

 weathers very readily and keeps it covered. Its position, how- 

 ever, can easily be located by the terrace which it has 

 determined. 



Beginning at the surface, the section at the quarry is as 

 follows : 



1. Shale, oxidized or gray, to the grass roots 3 to 5 feet 



2. Limonite nodule la} T er 1 £ inches 



3. Gray and blue shale 8 " 



4. Brown and yellow shalj' sandstone. This layer 



is somewhat calcareous and quite soft 2 " 



5. Brown and yellow sandy fossiliferous shale 2 " 



(3. Nodule layer. Gray and grayish gray shale. . 4- " 

 7. Kickapoo limestone. Gray and blue limestone, 



oolitic near the top ._ 4 feet 



The same sequence is present at Blue Mound, about five 

 miles east of Lawrence. There are, however, fewer nodules, 

 and they are also smaller, and vertebrate remains, while 

 present, are of little value. The limonite nodules also occur 

 and are like those of the little quarry. About fourteen 

 miles south of Lawrence, near Baldwin, the same sequence, in 

 so far as it relates to the Kickapoo, the limonite nodule layer 



