Smithsonian Institution, f \\, S\ T-C^dt" 



YOL. XXXYIII. 



-) 



' 



._ TEMBER, 1914. 



Established by BENJAMIN SILLIMAN in 1818. 



THE 



AMERICAN 



JOURNAL OF SCIENCE. 



Editor: EDWAED S. DANA. 



ASSOCIATE EDITORS 



Professors GEORGE L. GOOD ALE, JOHN TROWBRIDGE, 

 W. G. FARLOW and WM. M. DAVIS, of Cambridge, 



Professors ADDISON E. VERRILL, HORACE L. WELLS, 



LOUIS V. PIRSSON, HERBERT E. GREGORY 



and HORACE S. UHLER, of New Haven, 



Professor HENRY S. WILLIAMS, of Ithaca, 



Professor JOSEPH S. AMES, of Baltimore, 



Mr. J. S. DILLER, of Washington. 



FOURTH SERIES 



YOL. XXXYIII— [WHOLE NUMBER, CLXXXVIIIJ. 



No. 225— SEPTEMBER, 1914. 



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