Foshay — Moraine of Kansan or Nebraskan Age. 347 



Perkins Notch and marks the easterly limit. Ellis and Wild- 

 cat rivers join in the village of Jackson, being separated in 

 their lower courses by only a narrow ridge, though above Jack- 

 son Falls Wildcat flows at a level 150' higher than Ellis. 



Eagle Mountain proper terminates southerly in abrupt cliffs 

 of gneiss 300 feet high. At their foot begins a rough wooded 

 narrow ridge 400 feet above Ellis river and 250 feet above 

 Wildcat. This ridge is 4/5 mile long and curving a little east- 

 erly terminates at the top of Jackson Falls, though there is 

 some indication that it once completely crossed the Wildcat 

 Galley. This ridge undoubtedly in large part has a gneissic 

 ridge core, but it has an irregular morainic surface with shallow 

 kettles, and sections show it to be made up of unassorted drift. 

 One major interruption in this ridge must be noted about one- 

 fourth mile above Jackson Falls at the " Flume " , a narrow, 

 sharply-inclined, parallel-sided, trench in rock. The " Flume " 

 is 1/4 mile long- and no doubt represents primarily a depression 

 due to the decay and removal of a stratum of rock softer than 

 that in the bounding walls, but very likely secondarily a stream 

 outlet from the Wildcat Yalley to the Ellis Valley at some 

 stage of glaciation. As the " Flume " contains little or no 

 drift its fluviatile history probably was a Wisconsin episode. 



The road from Jackson toward Carter Notch follows along 

 Wildcat river, and at Jackson Falls at the north limit of Jack- 

 son village there are several fresh cross sections of the drift 

 ridge. The upper two to four feet are composed of the ordi- 

 nary till of Wisconsin age, the lower ten feet being made up 

 of large and small bowlders unassorted in a matrix of till and 

 sand. The gneissic bowlders in the moraine are somewhat 

 weathered, but the granitic bowlders are " rotten " . In the 

 cross section at the road cut the granitic bowlders present 

 a surface cut to match that of the matrix, that is in the 

 process of digging away the bank the thoroughly decom- 

 posed bowlders are sliced across at any angle just as easily 

 as the matrix. The bank therefore is studded with numer- 

 ous bowlders in cross section, and a stick can be pushed 

 into them as easily as into the matrix. 



All over the fields on the sloping sides of the moraine are 

 similar decayed bowlders, the residual coarse quartz sand of 

 which has in many instances been shoveled out to repair the 

 road. These ancient bowlders were well-rounded before they 

 were incorporated in the moraine. I saw no faceted specimens, 

 though they should be expected, all seen appearing to have 

 been picked up from deep well- weathered residual earth. The 

 contrast between these crumbling rocks and the hard fresh 

 bowlders in the later till overlying the moraine is most striking, 

 and can only be explained by recognizing that the moraine is 



Am. Jour. Sci.— Fourth Series, Vol. XXXVIII, No. 226.— October, 1914. 

 24 



