Roundy — Color Markings of Carboniferous Gastropods. 449 



arrangement. In 3 some of the bands are much wider than 

 the others. In 7 specimens some of the bands are divided by 

 the above-mentioned thread-like lines ; usually but one of these 

 is seen dividing either the second, third, or fourth band. In 

 one specimen, however, there are three of these thread-like 

 lines (in this case dark-colored) dividing the third band. 

 Seven specimens show only portions of some of the revolving 

 color markings. 



In addition to the specimens from Stinesville, there is one 

 shell in the United States Geological Survey collection from 

 Spergen Hill, Indiana, and two in Hall's original collection 

 from same locality which also clearly show the characteristic 

 color markings. 



List of citations describing color-markings in Paleozoic 



Fossils. 



1836. Phillips, John, Illustrations of Geol. of Yorkshire, vol. 



ii, p. 226, pi. 15, fig. 2. 



Pleurotomaria flammingera, Mountain limestone. 

 Shows a series of zigzag color marks on one figure. 



1842. M. d'Archiac and de Verneuil, Trans. Geol. Soc. Lon- 



don (2), vol. vi, p. 346, pi. 27, fig. 6. 



One specimen Orthoceras angulifernm. with definite 

 color marks. Devonian at Paffrath on Rhine. 



1858-63. Davidson, Thomas, Mon. British Fossil Brachiopoda, 

 vol. ii, pt. 5, p. 12, pi. 1, figs. 6, 8, 9, and 16 ; pi. 49, 

 fig. 12. 



Terebratula hastata, Carboniferous with radiating 

 color marks. Many examples. 



1869. Marsh, O. C, Proc. Am. Asso. Adv. Sci., 17th meet- 



ing, p. 325. 



Mentions an Orthoceras and several gastropods with 

 color marking, collected from same locality as the one 

 described in 1842 by d'Archiac and de Verneuil. He 

 states that he has Cephalopods from the Trenton lime- 

 stone with indications of original color and JEJndoceras 

 proteiforme Hall with distinct traces of the original 

 color arranged in cancellated pattern. 



1887. Waagen, Palaeontologia Indica, ser. 13, Salt Range 



Fossils, vol. i, pp. 699, 701, pi. 74, figs. 1, 4, and 8. 



He considers the solid color of a few specimens of 

 Productus to be probably the original color, stating, 

 " While all the other specimens in the same beds are 

 of a grayish-yellow, these are of a dark violet or red- 

 dish-brown." 



1890. Keys, Chas. R., The Nautilus, vol. iv, p. 30. 



He speaks of Trachydomia wheeleri, Swallow, from 

 the " Coal Measures " of Illinois, where in a number 

 of specimens " coloration of the callous portions and 

 of the interior surface is still visible. In some indi- 



