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  W. 
  P. 
  White 
  — 
  Silicate 
  Specific 
  Heats. 
  

  

  Fig. 
  3 
  illustrates 
  a 
  type 
  of 
  cases, 
  first 
  explained 
  by 
  

   Bancroft. 
  43 
  where 
  the 
  two 
  components 
  are 
  metameric 
  

   forms 
  of 
  the 
  same 
  organic 
  substance, 
  capable 
  of 
  changing 
  

   one 
  into 
  the 
  other 
  when 
  liquid. 
  At 
  sufficiently 
  high 
  tem- 
  

   peratures 
  the 
  composition 
  may 
  move 
  along 
  some 
  line 
  like 
  

   VW, 
  the 
  component 
  A 
  actually 
  changing 
  into 
  B, 
  with 
  a 
  

   definite 
  equilibrium 
  ratio 
  between 
  them 
  for 
  each 
  tempera- 
  

   ture, 
  but 
  at 
  any 
  one 
  time 
  the 
  two 
  components, 
  whether 
  in 
  

   equilibrium 
  or 
  not, 
  act 
  toward 
  each 
  other 
  like 
  the 
  perma- 
  

   nent 
  components 
  of 
  f.g. 
  2. 
  We 
  have, 
  therefore, 
  chemical 
  

  

  

  

  

  Fig. 
  4. 
  

  

  

  

  

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  1 
  

  

  

  

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  y^ 
  / 
  

  

  

  

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  \ 
  

  

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  yT 
  / 
  

  

  

  

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  /v_ 
  

  

  

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  71 
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  2 
  

  

  

  

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  / 
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  3 
  

  

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  /X 
  1 
  

  

  

  

  

  /\^ 
  

  

  ~7**\ 
  \ 
  1 
  

  

  L 
  

  

  

  / 
  \ 
  

  

  / 
  \ 
  1 
  

  

  U 
  

  

  

  

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  \ 
  . 
  

  

  Q. 
  

  

  

  

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  \ 
  1 
  

  

  E 
  

  

  

  

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  V 
  

  

  £ 
  

  

  p 
  

  

  

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  p 
  1 
  

  

  Q 
  1 
  

  

  N 
  

  

  A 
  Concentration 
  B 
  

  

  composition 
  equilibria 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  the 
  solubility 
  equilibria 
  

   of 
  fig. 
  2. 
  One 
  of 
  two 
  things 
  may 
  then 
  happen 
  on 
  cooling. 
  

   If 
  the 
  chemical 
  equilibrium 
  between 
  A 
  and 
  B 
  is 
  reached 
  

   rapidly, 
  the 
  composition 
  of 
  the 
  liquid 
  will 
  shift 
  along 
  the 
  

   line 
  VW, 
  the 
  line 
  NP 
  will 
  be 
  met 
  at 
  W 
  and 
  crystallization 
  

   of 
  B 
  (pure 
  or 
  containing 
  A) 
  will 
  begin. 
  But 
  the 
  change 
  

   of 
  composition 
  in 
  the 
  liquid 
  which 
  ordinarily 
  would 
  be 
  

   produced 
  by 
  the 
  crystallization 
  alone 
  will 
  now 
  not 
  occur 
  ; 
  

   if 
  heat 
  is 
  not 
  abstracted 
  too 
  fast 
  A 
  will 
  change 
  into 
  B, 
  as 
  

  

  43 
  Wilder 
  D. 
  Bancroft, 
  The 
  Equilibria 
  of 
  Stereoisomers, 
  J. 
  Phys. 
  Chem., 
  

   2, 
  143, 
  1898. 
  

  

  