﻿80 
  Scientific 
  Intelligence. 
  

  

  of 
  either 
  middle 
  or 
  upper 
  Ordovician 
  time. 
  As 
  this 
  and 
  other 
  

   information 
  is 
  of 
  the 
  greatest 
  interest 
  to 
  American 
  geologists, 
  the 
  

   author 
  will 
  present 
  it 
  himself 
  in 
  a 
  paper 
  soon 
  to 
  appear 
  in 
  this 
  

   Journal. 
  c. 
  s. 
  

  

  8. 
  Notes 
  on 
  Operculina-rocks 
  from 
  Japan, 
  with 
  remarks 
  on 
  

   "Nummulites" 
  cumingi 
  Carpenter; 
  by 
  Hisakatsu 
  Yabe. 
  Sci. 
  

   Repts., 
  Tohoku 
  Imperial 
  Univ., 
  Japan, 
  2d 
  ser. 
  (Geology), 
  vol. 
  4, 
  

   No. 
  3, 
  pp. 
  105-126, 
  pi. 
  17, 
  1918.— 
  This 
  good 
  article 
  also 
  describes 
  

   the 
  geographical 
  and 
  geological 
  distribution 
  of 
  the 
  foraminifer 
  

   Operculina. 
  c. 
  s. 
  

  

  9. 
  Papers 
  from 
  the 
  Department 
  of 
  Marine 
  Biology 
  of 
  the 
  

   Carnegie 
  Institution 
  of 
  Washington. 
  Vol. 
  9, 
  362 
  pp., 
  with 
  105 
  

   plates 
  and 
  maps, 
  4to. 
  Washington, 
  1918 
  (Carnegie 
  Institu- 
  

   tion). 
  — 
  The 
  ten 
  papers 
  which 
  this 
  bulky 
  volume 
  comprises 
  relate 
  

   mainly 
  to 
  corals 
  and 
  the 
  formation 
  of 
  coral 
  islands 
  

  

  The 
  Ecology 
  of 
  the 
  Murray 
  Island 
  Coral 
  Reef 
  (pp. 
  1-48; 
  pis. 
  

   1-19) 
  by 
  Alfred 
  G. 
  Mayer 
  is 
  a 
  study 
  of 
  the 
  principal 
  conditions 
  

   influencing 
  the 
  growth 
  and 
  distribution 
  of 
  corals 
  near 
  the 
  

   northern 
  end 
  of 
  the 
  Great 
  Barrier 
  Reef 
  of 
  Queensland, 
  Austra- 
  

   lia. 
  Some 
  forty 
  species 
  of 
  corals 
  occur 
  upon 
  this 
  reef, 
  and 
  the 
  

   factors 
  which 
  determine 
  the 
  distribution 
  of 
  the 
  various 
  species 
  

   were 
  found 
  to 
  be, 
  in 
  order 
  of 
  their 
  importance, 
  temperature, 
  silt, 
  

   effects 
  of 
  moving 
  water, 
  and 
  struggle 
  between 
  species. 
  Many 
  

   experiments 
  are 
  described 
  by 
  which 
  the 
  vitality 
  of 
  the 
  different 
  

   species 
  was 
  tested. 
  

  

  To 
  determine 
  the 
  rate 
  of 
  growth 
  the 
  writer 
  carefully 
  measured 
  

   some 
  of 
  the 
  identical 
  coral 
  heads 
  at 
  Thursday 
  Island 
  which 
  had 
  

   been 
  measured 
  and 
  photographed 
  by 
  Saville-Kent 
  twenty-three 
  

   years 
  earlier. 
  The 
  results 
  show 
  that 
  while 
  large 
  reef 
  corals 
  may 
  

   increase 
  nearly 
  two 
  inches 
  in 
  diameter 
  per 
  year, 
  other 
  forms 
  

   may 
  entirely 
  cease 
  growing 
  after 
  reaching 
  a 
  certain 
  size. 
  The 
  

   average 
  yearly 
  growth 
  of 
  about 
  one 
  inch 
  agrees 
  fairly 
  closely 
  

   with 
  the 
  measurements 
  obtained 
  by 
  Gardiner 
  on 
  species 
  in 
  the 
  

   Indian 
  Ocean 
  and 
  is 
  considerably 
  greater 
  than 
  the 
  rate 
  of 
  growth 
  

   of 
  the 
  Florida 
  reef 
  corals 
  as 
  carefully 
  measured 
  by 
  Vaughan. 
  

  

  Three 
  papers 
  are 
  by 
  Thomas 
  Wayland 
  Vaughan. 
  The 
  first 
  

   consists 
  of 
  an 
  annotated 
  list 
  of 
  shoal-water 
  corals 
  from 
  Murray, 
  

   Cocos-Keeling, 
  and 
  Fanning 
  Islands, 
  beautifully 
  illustrated 
  by 
  

   74 
  large 
  plates. 
  The 
  second 
  is 
  a 
  description 
  of 
  the 
  shoal-water 
  

   bottom 
  samples 
  from 
  Murray 
  Island, 
  Australia, 
  and 
  comparisons 
  

   of 
  them 
  with 
  samples 
  from 
  Florida 
  and 
  the 
  Bahamas. 
  The 
  rela- 
  

   tive 
  importance 
  of 
  the 
  various 
  groups 
  of 
  organisms 
  in 
  the 
  forma- 
  

   tion 
  of 
  shoal 
  water 
  deposits 
  is 
  explained, 
  with 
  a 
  discussion 
  of 
  the 
  

   physical 
  agencies 
  concerned 
  in 
  limestone 
  formation. 
  The 
  third 
  

   summarizes 
  the 
  data 
  from 
  long 
  periods 
  of 
  observation 
  of 
  the 
  

   temperature 
  of 
  the 
  Florida 
  coral 
  reef 
  tract. 
  

  

  Josepb 
  A. 
  Cushman 
  lists 
  the 
  foraminifera 
  of 
  Murray 
  Island, 
  

   with 
  figures 
  of 
  new 
  species, 
  and 
  Marshall 
  A. 
  Howe 
  the 
  cal- 
  

  

  