﻿Finmarken 
  in 
  Northern 
  Norway. 
  107 
  

  

  large 
  degree 
  by 
  very 
  coarse 
  sediments, 
  sandstones 
  and 
  

   coarse 
  conglomerates, 
  indicating 
  deformation 
  of 
  the 
  crust 
  

   in 
  the 
  preceding 
  time. 
  This 
  Hovind 
  group 
  comes 
  above 
  

   the 
  effusive 
  rocks, 
  which 
  I 
  consider 
  to 
  be 
  contempora- 
  

   neous 
  with 
  the 
  Raipas 
  of 
  western 
  Finmarken. 
  

  

  I 
  may 
  in 
  this 
  connection 
  also 
  be 
  permitted 
  to 
  point 
  out 
  

   the 
  occurrence 
  of 
  coarse 
  bowlder 
  conglomerates 
  in 
  the 
  

   Girvan-Ballantrse 
  region 
  of 
  Scotland, 
  the 
  Kirkland 
  and 
  

   Benan 
  conglomerates 
  of 
  Llandeilo 
  age. 
  These 
  conglom- 
  

   erates 
  likewise 
  tell 
  of 
  considerable 
  crustal 
  deforma- 
  

   tions, 
  which 
  have 
  brought 
  about 
  the 
  denudation 
  of 
  the 
  

   Arenig 
  rocks 
  now 
  found 
  as 
  pieces 
  in 
  the 
  conglomerate. 
  

  

  It 
  seems 
  of 
  course 
  a 
  little 
  remarkable 
  at 
  first 
  to 
  assume 
  

   for 
  the 
  tillites 
  of 
  Finmarken 
  an 
  Ordovician 
  age. 
  Still, 
  I 
  

   can 
  not 
  see 
  that 
  it 
  is 
  contradicted 
  by 
  any 
  of 
  the 
  known 
  

   facts. 
  Our 
  knowledge 
  of 
  the 
  late 
  Paleozoic 
  shows 
  that 
  it 
  

   is 
  very 
  difficult 
  to 
  trace 
  the 
  existence 
  of 
  continental 
  ice 
  

   masses 
  in 
  the 
  marine 
  sediments. 
  Furthermore, 
  it 
  must 
  

   be 
  strongly 
  emphasized 
  that 
  this 
  giaciation 
  of 
  Finmarken 
  

   was 
  probably 
  a 
  purely 
  local 
  one. 
  In 
  my 
  opinion 
  it 
  was 
  

   brought 
  into 
  existence 
  by 
  the 
  rising 
  of 
  a 
  high 
  land 
  to 
  the 
  

   south 
  of 
  the 
  Varangerf 
  jord, 
  a 
  land 
  about 
  the 
  size 
  of 
  which 
  

   we 
  know 
  nothing 
  with 
  certainty, 
  as 
  its 
  age 
  can 
  not 
  yet 
  be 
  

   fixed. 
  As 
  the 
  Cambro-Ordovician 
  sequence 
  of 
  the 
  Baltic 
  

   region 
  indicates 
  fairly 
  quiet 
  conditions, 
  it 
  is 
  reasonable 
  

   to 
  believe 
  that 
  the 
  land 
  had 
  its 
  higher 
  part 
  in 
  the 
  north, 
  

   i. 
  e., 
  in 
  Finmarken, 
  which 
  is 
  also 
  a 
  probable 
  assumption 
  

   since 
  the 
  great 
  fault 
  runs 
  here. 
  If 
  we 
  assume 
  a 
  land- 
  

   mass 
  of 
  the 
  width 
  of 
  the 
  Scandinavian 
  peninsula, 
  high 
  

   and 
  rugged 
  toward 
  the 
  Arctic 
  Ocean, 
  with 
  a 
  gentle 
  slope 
  

   toward 
  the 
  south, 
  and 
  a 
  distinctly 
  insular 
  climate 
  with 
  

   much 
  moisture 
  on 
  the 
  north 
  side, 
  these 
  conditions 
  might 
  

   very 
  well 
  bring 
  into 
  existence 
  glaciers 
  reaching 
  down 
  to 
  

   the 
  northern 
  sea. 
  On 
  the 
  other 
  hand, 
  Estland 
  and 
  

   southern 
  Scandinavia 
  may, 
  under 
  these 
  assumptions, 
  

   have 
  had 
  a 
  rather 
  warm 
  climate. 
  In 
  fact, 
  even 
  on 
  thp 
  

   north 
  side 
  the 
  conditions 
  might 
  not 
  have 
  been 
  at 
  all 
  

   severe. 
  In 
  South 
  America 
  at 
  present 
  glaciers 
  creep 
  

   down 
  to 
  the 
  Pacific 
  Ocean 
  at 
  so 
  low 
  a 
  latitude 
  as 
  46-5° 
  S., 
  

   the 
  mean 
  temperature 
  of 
  the 
  year 
  being 
  here 
  8-10° 
  C, 
  the 
  

   same 
  as 
  that 
  of 
  southern 
  New 
  York, 
  and 
  yet 
  the 
  inland 
  

   has 
  mountains 
  not 
  much 
  higher 
  than 
  those 
  of 
  Norway 
  

   to-day. 
  

  

  University 
  of 
  Kristiania, 
  May, 
  1918. 
  

  

  