﻿E. 
  W. 
  Berry 
  — 
  Age 
  of 
  the 
  Brandon 
  Lignite. 
  215 
  

  

  indicate 
  temperate 
  oceanic 
  waters 
  and 
  a 
  marked, 
  if 
  not 
  

   quantitatively 
  great, 
  lowering 
  of 
  temperatures 
  in 
  the 
  

   Miocene, 
  during 
  which 
  the 
  marine 
  life 
  of 
  the 
  middle 
  

   Atlantic 
  coast 
  penetrated 
  southward 
  to 
  Florida 
  and 
  

   replaced 
  the 
  sub-tropical 
  faunas 
  of 
  the 
  upper 
  Oligocene. 
  

   The 
  paleobotanical 
  evidence 
  of 
  this 
  change 
  of 
  climate 
  is 
  

   seen 
  in 
  the 
  south 
  in 
  the 
  presence 
  of 
  temperate 
  forest 
  trees 
  

   such 
  as 
  the 
  elm 
  in 
  the 
  Aquitanian 
  or 
  Burdigalian 
  Alum 
  

   Bluff 
  formation 
  of 
  Florida. 
  I 
  conclude 
  from 
  the 
  fore- 
  

   going 
  considerations, 
  which 
  might 
  be 
  amplified 
  with 
  much 
  

   greater 
  detail, 
  that 
  the 
  Brandon 
  flora 
  can 
  not 
  be 
  of 
  Mio- 
  

   cene 
  age. 
  

  

  More 
  direct 
  evidence 
  of 
  the 
  age 
  of 
  the 
  Brandon 
  flora, 
  

   largely 
  unpublished, 
  may 
  now 
  be 
  summarized. 
  I 
  have 
  

   already 
  alluded 
  to 
  Lesquereux's 
  discovery 
  of 
  a 
  resem- 
  

   blance 
  between 
  the 
  Brandon 
  flora 
  and 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  Eocene 
  

   of 
  the 
  Mississippi 
  embayment. 
  This 
  rests 
  to 
  some 
  extent 
  

   upon 
  general 
  facies 
  and 
  is 
  not 
  as 
  conclusive 
  as 
  could 
  be 
  

   wished 
  since 
  in 
  the 
  one 
  case 
  we 
  are 
  dealing 
  with 
  coastal 
  

   floras 
  largely 
  represented 
  by 
  leaf 
  impressions, 
  while 
  in 
  

   the 
  other 
  case 
  we 
  are 
  dealing 
  with 
  an 
  inland 
  flora 
  repre- 
  

   sented 
  by 
  fruits 
  and 
  seeds 
  gathered 
  by 
  streams 
  and 
  

   deposited 
  in 
  a 
  single 
  limited 
  basin, 
  the 
  two 
  separated 
  by 
  

   over 
  1000 
  miles, 
  mostly 
  latitudinal 
  in 
  direction. 
  In 
  spite 
  

   of 
  these 
  difficulties 
  the 
  peculiar 
  Brandon 
  genus 
  Monocar- 
  

   pellites, 
  whether 
  an 
  identical 
  species 
  or 
  not 
  I 
  hesitate 
  to 
  

   say, 
  is 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  Wilcox, 
  as 
  are 
  several 
  Nyssa 
  stones. 
  

   The 
  genera 
  Jugians, 
  Hicoria, 
  Cinnamomum, 
  Aristolochia 
  

   and 
  Sapindus 
  are 
  present 
  in 
  both. 
  An 
  undescribed 
  

   Laurinoxylon 
  from 
  the 
  "Wilcox 
  is 
  very 
  close 
  to 
  the 
  one 
  so 
  

   abundant 
  at 
  Brandon. 
  Nyssa 
  stones 
  of 
  large 
  size 
  and 
  

   closely 
  allied 
  to, 
  if 
  not 
  identical 
  with, 
  a 
  Brandon 
  type, 
  

   occur 
  in 
  both 
  the 
  Claiborne 
  and 
  Jackson 
  of 
  the 
  Gulf 
  states. 
  

   The 
  genus 
  Tricarpellites 
  to 
  which 
  Perkins 
  refers 
  twenty 
  

   species 
  of 
  fruits 
  from 
  Brandon, 
  is 
  a 
  genus 
  founded 
  by 
  

   Bowerbank 
  and 
  known 
  elsewhere 
  from 
  only 
  the 
  Ypresian 
  

   stage 
  of 
  the 
  Eocene 
  of 
  Sheppey. 
  Moreover 
  other 
  of 
  the 
  

   Brandon 
  fossils 
  suggest 
  comparisons 
  with, 
  and 
  some 
  are 
  

   very 
  close 
  to, 
  other 
  Sheppey 
  forms, 
  the 
  latter 
  represent- 
  

   ing 
  an 
  early 
  Eocene 
  accumulation 
  of 
  fruits 
  by 
  a 
  river 
  

   system 
  located 
  in 
  what 
  is 
  now 
  the 
  Thames 
  basin. 
  For 
  

   example 
  the 
  genus 
  Monocarpellites, 
  so 
  abundant 
  at 
  Bran- 
  

   don 
  and 
  present 
  in 
  the 
  Wilcox, 
  appears 
  to 
  be 
  congeneric 
  

   with 
  Bowerbank 
  's 
  genus 
  Hightea, 
  which 
  is 
  a 
  common 
  

  

  