﻿Schuchert 
  — 
  Proper 
  Name 
  for 
  Fossil 
  Beatricea. 
  295 
  

  

  fore, 
  always 
  think 
  of 
  these 
  fossils 
  as 
  attached, 
  vertical, 
  

   colonial 
  organisms, 
  never 
  as 
  free 
  individuals, 
  and 
  espe- 
  

   cially 
  not 
  as 
  swimming 
  animals. 
  

  

  In 
  1865 
  Hyatt, 
  having 
  returned 
  from 
  the 
  Fig. 
  l. 
  

   Civil 
  War, 
  published 
  a 
  paper 
  in 
  this 
  Journal, 
  

   entitled 
  ''Remarks 
  on 
  the 
  Beatricese, 
  a 
  new 
  

   Division 
  of 
  Mollusca." 
  In 
  it 
  he 
  says 
  that 
  

   Beatricea 
  constitutes 
  "a 
  distinct 
  order 
  of 
  

   cephalopods," 
  for 
  which 
  he 
  proposed 
  the 
  

   name 
  of 
  Ceriolites, 
  being 
  "most 
  closely 
  allied 
  

   to 
  the 
  genus 
  Endoceras." 
  We 
  see 
  here 
  that 
  

   he 
  regarded 
  their 
  "internal 
  vesicular 
  struc- 
  

   ture" 
  as 
  of 
  the 
  nature 
  of 
  the 
  endocones 
  of 
  

   Endoceras. 
  On 
  the 
  other 
  hand, 
  Hyatt 
  was 
  

   not 
  certain 
  whether 
  these 
  fossils 
  were 
  inter- 
  

   nal 
  skeletons 
  or 
  external 
  shells, 
  but 
  upon 
  the 
  

   whole 
  thought 
  they 
  were 
  external. 
  His 
  view 
  

   is 
  very 
  like 
  the 
  one 
  held 
  by 
  Doctor 
  Plummer 
  

   much 
  earlier, 
  and 
  differs 
  only 
  in 
  being 
  

   analyzed 
  in 
  far 
  greater 
  detail. 
  In 
  1885, 
  how- 
  

   ever, 
  Hyatt 
  saw 
  that 
  Beatricea 
  was 
  not 
  a 
  

   cephalopod 
  and 
  referred 
  it 
  to 
  the 
  Foramini- 
  

   fera. 
  

  

  Nicholson 
  in 
  1886 
  referred 
  Beatricea 
  to 
  the 
  

   order 
  Stromatoporoidea 
  of 
  the 
  Hydrozoa, 
  and 
  

   this 
  is 
  where 
  Parks 
  also 
  places 
  it, 
  under 
  the 
  

   family 
  Labechiidae. 
  

  

  To 
  understand 
  these 
  fossils 
  the 
  student 
  

   should 
  also 
  study 
  P. 
  E. 
  Raymond's 
  paper 
  

   entitled 
  "A 
  Beatricea-like 
  Organism 
  from 
  

   the 
  Middle 
  Ordovician. 
  ' 
  ■ 
  Here 
  in 
  the 
  basal 
  

   portion 
  of 
  the 
  Mohawkian 
  series 
  occurs 
  com- 
  

   monly 
  Crypt 
  ophragmus 
  antiquatus 
  Raymond, 
  

   and 
  comparisons 
  are 
  made 
  between 
  it 
  and 
  

   Beatricea. 
  

  

  It 
  is 
  also 
  interesting 
  to 
  note 
  here 
  that 
  

   another 
  Richmondian 
  fossil, 
  and 
  one 
  of 
  wide 
  

   distribution, 
  known 
  as 
  Girvanella 
  rich- 
  

   mondensis, 
  was 
  described 
  by 
  Doctor 
  Plum- 
  

   mer 
  as 
  pisolitic 
  concretions, 
  the 
  nucleus 
  of 
  

   which 
  is 
  often 
  a 
  fragment 
  of 
  shell 
  (283). 
  

   They 
  occur, 
  he 
  says, 
  in 
  strata 
  from 
  two 
  to 
  ten 
  

   feet 
  in 
  depth, 
  and 
  he 
  thinks 
  that 
  they 
  are 
  of 
  

   inorganic 
  origin, 
  being 
  formed 
  around 
  shells 
  due 
  to 
  

  

  