﻿Geology. 
  307 
  

  

  Daraelites, 
  Gastrioceras, 
  Schistoceras, 
  Paralegoceras, 
  Agathi- 
  

   ceras, 
  Marathonites 
  (3), 
  and 
  Vidrioceras 
  (2). 
  

  

  Pennsylvanian 
  system 
  

  

  Cisco 
  formation. 
  There 
  appears 
  to 
  be 
  no 
  physical 
  break 
  with 
  

   the 
  Permian. 
  c. 
  s. 
  

  

  3. 
  Lower 
  Cretaceous 
  age 
  of 
  the 
  limestones 
  underlying 
  

   Florida; 
  by 
  Joseph 
  A. 
  Cushman. 
  Jour. 
  Washington 
  Acad. 
  

   Sci., 
  9, 
  pp. 
  70-73, 
  1919. 
  — 
  On 
  the 
  basis 
  of 
  Foraminifera 
  brought 
  

   up 
  in 
  deep 
  -well 
  borings, 
  the 
  author 
  shows 
  that 
  the 
  later 
  Eocene 
  

   rests 
  directly 
  upon 
  middle 
  Comanchian 
  formations. 
  These 
  

   Comanchian 
  deposits 
  are 
  apparently 
  the 
  floor 
  for 
  the 
  Cenozoic 
  

   of 
  the 
  entire 
  peninsula 
  of 
  Florida. 
  There 
  appears 
  to 
  be 
  no 
  Cre- 
  

   taceous 
  present. 
  The 
  paper 
  is 
  therefore 
  very 
  significant 
  in 
  

   paleogeography. 
  c. 
  s. 
  

  

  4. 
  A 
  fossil 
  Isopod 
  belonging 
  to 
  the 
  freshwater 
  genus 
  Phrea- 
  

   •toicus; 
  by 
  Chas. 
  Chilton. 
  Proc. 
  Roy 
  Soe. 
  N. 
  S. 
  Wales, 
  51, 
  pp. 
  

   365-388, 
  13 
  text 
  figs., 
  1918.— 
  The 
  author 
  described 
  in 
  1883 
  a 
  sub- 
  

   terranean 
  primitive 
  isopod 
  living 
  in 
  New 
  Zealand, 
  giving 
  it 
  the 
  

   name 
  of 
  Phreatoicus 
  typicus, 
  and 
  now 
  he 
  describes 
  a 
  new 
  fossil 
  

   form 
  of 
  this 
  genus 
  from 
  the 
  Upper 
  Triassic 
  of 
  Newtown, 
  New 
  

   South 
  Wales. 
  In 
  Tasmania, 
  Phreatoicus 
  lives 
  in 
  the 
  same 
  fresh 
  

   waters 
  with 
  the 
  other 
  primitive 
  shrimps, 
  Anaspides 
  and 
  Para- 
  

   naspides, 
  and 
  they 
  are 
  nearly 
  related 
  to 
  Palceocaris 
  of 
  the 
  Paleo- 
  

   zoic. 
  For 
  this 
  group 
  Caiman 
  has 
  erected 
  the 
  name 
  Syncarida. 
  

   Chilton 
  says: 
  "Anaspides, 
  Paranaspides 
  and 
  Koonunga 
  are 
  the 
  

   living 
  representatives 
  of 
  a 
  primitive 
  and 
  generalized 
  group 
  of 
  

   Crustacea, 
  the 
  Syncarida, 
  and 
  similarly 
  the 
  members 
  of 
  the 
  

   Phreatoicidea, 
  a 
  primitive 
  group 
  of 
  Isopoda, 
  have 
  continued 
  to 
  

   exist 
  in 
  the 
  fresh 
  waters 
  of 
  Australia, 
  Tasmania, 
  New 
  Zealand 
  

   and 
  South 
  Africa 
  from 
  early 
  Secondary 
  times." 
  

  

  It 
  seems 
  that 
  the 
  radiation 
  of 
  these 
  forms 
  was 
  from 
  the 
  

   northern 
  hemisphere 
  into 
  the 
  terminal 
  continents 
  of 
  the 
  southern 
  

   hemisphere 
  before 
  Mesozoic 
  time, 
  and 
  in 
  these 
  asylums 
  they 
  have 
  

   been 
  preserved 
  ever 
  since. 
  c. 
  s. 
  

  

  5. 
  Triassic 
  insects 
  of 
  Australia. 
  — 
  Many 
  years 
  ago 
  some 
  insects 
  

   were 
  found 
  at 
  Denmark 
  Hill, 
  Ipswich, 
  Queensland, 
  but 
  their 
  

   abundance 
  and 
  great 
  significance 
  remained 
  undiscerned 
  until 
  

   recently. 
  Mr. 
  R. 
  J. 
  Tillyard, 
  an 
  English 
  entomologist 
  now 
  resi- 
  

   dent 
  in 
  Australia, 
  has 
  taken 
  up 
  the 
  study 
  of 
  these 
  specimens 
  

   and, 
  due 
  to 
  this 
  stimulus, 
  Government 
  Geologist 
  B. 
  Dunstan 
  has 
  

   reworked 
  the 
  original 
  insect-bearing 
  beds, 
  and 
  now 
  more 
  than 
  

   230 
  specimens 
  are 
  available. 
  "Most 
  of 
  these, 
  however, 
  are 
  either 
  

   coleopterous 
  elytra, 
  blattoid 
  tegmina, 
  or 
  fragments 
  of 
  wings 
  that 
  

   do 
  not 
  merit 
  a 
  name; 
  so 
  that 
  the 
  number 
  of 
  recognisable 
  new 
  

   forms 
  will 
  be 
  very 
  much 
  smaller. 
  ' 
  ' 
  Even 
  so, 
  the 
  kinds 
  are 
  many 
  

   times 
  more 
  than 
  all 
  the 
  other 
  Triassic 
  insects 
  of 
  the 
  northern 
  

   hemisphere. 
  The 
  horizon 
  is 
  Upper 
  Triassic. 
  This 
  is, 
  then, 
  the 
  

  

  