﻿364 
  Hay 
  — 
  Ages 
  of 
  Pleistocene 
  Deposits. 
  

  

  That 
  the 
  Pleistocene 
  camels, 
  horses, 
  and 
  bisons 
  were 
  

   better 
  adapted 
  to 
  the 
  sort 
  of 
  climate 
  that 
  was 
  furnished 
  

   during 
  interglacial 
  stages 
  in 
  the 
  northern 
  States 
  than 
  

   they 
  were 
  to 
  that 
  of 
  Florida 
  is 
  shown 
  by 
  the 
  fact 
  that 
  it 
  

   is 
  in 
  the 
  north 
  where 
  the 
  greatest 
  number 
  of 
  species 
  of 
  

   each 
  is 
  found. 
  Four 
  or 
  five 
  species 
  of 
  camels 
  appear 
  to 
  

   have 
  inhabited 
  Nebraska 
  and 
  Iowa, 
  whereas 
  rare 
  traces 
  

   are 
  found 
  of 
  one 
  in 
  the 
  Pleistocene 
  of 
  Florida. 
  About 
  

   nine 
  species 
  of 
  horses 
  are 
  credited 
  to 
  the 
  northern 
  States, 
  

   to 
  three 
  in 
  Florida. 
  Some 
  seven 
  species 
  of 
  bisons 
  have 
  

   been 
  described 
  as 
  inhabiting 
  the 
  northern 
  States 
  during 
  

   the 
  Pleistocene, 
  while 
  only 
  B. 
  latifrons 
  is 
  known 
  to 
  have 
  

   occurred 
  in 
  Florida; 
  although 
  one, 
  possibly 
  more, 
  

   smaller 
  species 
  probably 
  existed 
  there. 
  

  

  It 
  must 
  be 
  taken 
  into 
  account 
  also 
  that 
  the 
  camels, 
  

   horses, 
  bisons, 
  tapirs, 
  saber-tooth 
  tigers, 
  and 
  edentates, 
  

   if 
  they 
  existed 
  during 
  the 
  Wisconsin 
  glacial 
  epoch, 
  were 
  

   certainly 
  not 
  all 
  crowded 
  down 
  into 
  Florida. 
  There 
  was, 
  

   east 
  of 
  the 
  Mississippi, 
  a 
  wide 
  stretch 
  of 
  territory 
  

   between 
  Florida 
  and 
  the 
  glacier 
  which 
  the 
  hardier 
  species 
  

   might 
  with 
  safety 
  and 
  comfort 
  have 
  occupied. 
  Finally, 
  

   there 
  were 
  the 
  great 
  plains 
  of 
  Texas 
  down 
  to 
  the 
  Gulf 
  

   where 
  the 
  mammals 
  which 
  existed 
  during 
  the 
  Wisconsin 
  

   might 
  have 
  betaken 
  themselves 
  and 
  whence 
  they 
  might 
  

   have 
  made 
  their 
  way 
  over 
  the 
  northern 
  lands 
  after 
  the 
  

   passing 
  of 
  that 
  epoch. 
  Two 
  species 
  of 
  bison, 
  Bison 
  

   Occident 
  alis 
  and 
  B. 
  alleni, 
  were 
  apparently 
  abundant 
  west 
  

   of 
  Mississippi 
  river 
  during 
  the 
  early 
  Pleistocene, 
  but 
  are 
  

   not 
  known 
  after 
  the 
  Wisconsin 
  stage. 
  Both 
  of 
  these 
  

   species 
  ranged 
  into 
  Alaska 
  and 
  Yukon. 
  Why 
  then, 
  if 
  

   they 
  existed 
  during 
  any 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  Wisconsin 
  stage, 
  

   should 
  they 
  have 
  perished 
  between 
  the 
  Wisconsin 
  

   moraine 
  and 
  the 
  Gulf 
  of 
  Mexico? 
  

  

  For 
  all 
  those 
  who 
  hold 
  that 
  the 
  animals 
  referred 
  to 
  

   existed 
  in 
  Florida 
  during 
  and 
  until 
  after 
  the 
  Wisconsin 
  

   stage, 
  it 
  may 
  be 
  recalled 
  that 
  at 
  Charleston, 
  S. 
  C, 
  a 
  

   Pleistocene 
  fauna 
  of 
  at 
  least 
  40 
  species 
  has 
  been 
  collected, 
  

   of 
  which 
  70 
  per 
  cent 
  are 
  extinct. 
  Among 
  these 
  are 
  such 
  

   warm 
  climate 
  forms 
  as 
  two 
  species 
  of 
  capybaras, 
  two 
  

   species 
  of 
  tapirs, 
  a 
  megathere, 
  an 
  alligator, 
  and 
  a 
  huge 
  

   land-tortoise. 
  If 
  these 
  were 
  living 
  there 
  during 
  the 
  last 
  

   glacial 
  stage 
  they 
  had 
  as 
  companions 
  the 
  North 
  Atlantic 
  

   walrus 
  and 
  a 
  moose 
  identical 
  with, 
  or 
  closely 
  related 
  to, 
  

   the 
  existing 
  species. 
  

  

  