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  Hay 
  — 
  Ages 
  of 
  Pleistocene 
  Deposits. 
  

  

  land. 
  It 
  may 
  here 
  be 
  noted 
  that 
  from 
  Charleston, 
  S. 
  C, 
  

   to 
  New 
  York 
  City, 
  the 
  Pleistocene 
  deposits 
  do 
  not 
  furnish 
  

   a 
  great 
  number 
  of 
  species 
  of 
  vertebrates. 
  In 
  North 
  

   Carolina 
  mastodons, 
  in 
  twelve 
  localities, 
  have 
  been 
  found, 
  

   and 
  these 
  within 
  the 
  areas 
  of 
  all 
  of 
  Stevenson's 
  forma- 
  

   tions, 
  except 
  the 
  Coharie. 
  Elephas 
  columbi 
  and 
  E. 
  primi- 
  

   genius 
  have 
  been 
  discovered 
  within 
  the 
  Pamlico 
  ; 
  but, 
  as 
  

   these 
  elephants 
  and 
  the 
  mastodoms 
  lived 
  from 
  the 
  first 
  

   interglacial 
  stage 
  to 
  near 
  the 
  Recent, 
  their 
  presence 
  

   furnishes 
  no 
  certain 
  basis 
  for 
  determining 
  the 
  age 
  of 
  any 
  

   of 
  the 
  terraces. 
  However, 
  horse 
  remains 
  have 
  been 
  

   secured 
  at 
  four 
  localities, 
  Elizabethtown, 
  apparently 
  in 
  

   Sunderland 
  or 
  Wicomico 
  ; 
  at 
  Greenville, 
  in 
  the 
  Wicomico 
  

   area; 
  at 
  New 
  Bern, 
  in 
  the 
  Pamlico 
  area; 
  and 
  at 
  Ply- 
  

   mouth, 
  near 
  which 
  are 
  found 
  Chowan 
  and 
  Pamlico. 
  At 
  

   New 
  Bern 
  it 
  is 
  pretty 
  certain 
  that 
  the 
  fossil-bearing 
  

   stratum 
  does 
  not 
  belong 
  to 
  the 
  Pamlico, 
  but 
  to 
  the 
  under- 
  

   lying 
  Chowan, 
  or 
  something 
  still 
  older. 
  Stevenson 
  (op. 
  

   cit. 
  p. 
  288) 
  grants 
  the 
  possibility 
  of 
  this. 
  The 
  present 
  

   writer 
  believes 
  that 
  the 
  horse 
  remains 
  are 
  as 
  old 
  as 
  those 
  

   found 
  at 
  Vero 
  and 
  Charleston. 
  

  

  Writers 
  who 
  are 
  interested 
  in 
  maintaining 
  the 
  geolog- 
  

   ical 
  youthfulness 
  of 
  the 
  lowest 
  plain, 
  or 
  terrace, 
  along 
  

   the 
  coast, 
  and 
  who 
  do 
  not 
  feel 
  required 
  to 
  hold 
  that 
  the 
  

   animals 
  lived 
  late 
  in 
  the 
  Pleistocene, 
  may 
  insist 
  that 
  the 
  

   remains 
  of 
  the 
  latter 
  are 
  really 
  buried 
  in 
  older 
  deposits 
  

   which 
  are 
  overlain 
  by 
  the 
  Chowan 
  and 
  Pamlico 
  and 
  their 
  

   equivalents. 
  Now, 
  at 
  Brunswick, 
  Georgia, 
  eleven 
  species 
  

   of 
  mammals 
  have 
  been 
  collected, 
  all 
  of 
  which 
  are 
  extinct. 
  

   There 
  are 
  present 
  Elephas 
  columbi, 
  the 
  common 
  masto- 
  

   don, 
  a 
  tapir, 
  three 
  species 
  of 
  horses, 
  mylodon, 
  and 
  the 
  

   great 
  megatherium. 
  Lyell 
  observed 
  that 
  the 
  skeleton 
  of 
  

   the 
  last-named 
  animal 
  was 
  so 
  near 
  the 
  surface 
  that 
  it 
  

   was 
  penetrated 
  by 
  the 
  roots 
  of 
  a 
  pine. 
  The 
  fossil 
  verte- 
  

   brates 
  found 
  at 
  Vero 
  and 
  at 
  Charleston 
  occupy 
  equally 
  

   superficial 
  beds 
  ; 
  and 
  this 
  fact 
  makes 
  it 
  impossible 
  to 
  

   refer 
  the 
  animals 
  to 
  an 
  earlier 
  deposit 
  which 
  is 
  overlain 
  

   by 
  a 
  later 
  one. 
  

  

  In 
  Virginia 
  the 
  same 
  terrace 
  plains 
  are 
  recognized 
  by 
  

   Clark 
  and 
  Miller 
  as 
  in 
  Maryland. 
  No 
  equivalent 
  of 
  the 
  

   Pamlico 
  is 
  mentioned 
  by 
  them. 
  Few 
  vertebrate 
  fossils 
  

   are 
  known 
  from 
  the 
  coastal 
  plain 
  of 
  this 
  State, 
  especially 
  

   no 
  horses. 
  

  

  For 
  many 
  of 
  our 
  geologists 
  Maryland 
  and 
  the 
  District 
  

  

  