﻿Chemistry 
  and 
  Physics. 
  385 
  

  

  presence 
  of 
  a 
  salt. 
  This 
  sol 
  has 
  no 
  dehydrating 
  or 
  lyotrope 
  effect 
  

   whatever 
  on 
  gelatin 
  sol, 
  and 
  the 
  setting 
  of 
  the 
  latter 
  is 
  therefore 
  

   pure 
  gelation, 
  due 
  to 
  fall 
  in 
  temperature. 
  Extremely 
  beautiful 
  

   "medusa" 
  forms 
  were 
  obtained, 
  showing 
  no 
  trace 
  whatever 
  of 
  

   ribs. 
  In 
  many 
  cases 
  the 
  bell 
  became 
  so 
  thin 
  that 
  although 
  the 
  

   rim 
  was 
  deeply 
  colored 
  (with 
  Congo 
  red), 
  its 
  central 
  portion 
  

   showed 
  no 
  color 
  at 
  all, 
  and 
  the 
  specimen 
  could 
  be 
  mistaken 
  for 
  an 
  

   open 
  vortex 
  ring 
  were 
  it 
  not 
  for 
  the 
  fact 
  that 
  the 
  stem 
  could 
  be 
  

   seen 
  issuing 
  from, 
  and 
  attached 
  to, 
  the 
  center 
  of 
  the 
  bell. 
  

  

  The 
  original 
  paper 
  contains 
  an 
  account 
  of 
  many 
  more 
  interest- 
  

   ing 
  and 
  suggestive 
  experiments, 
  but 
  lack 
  of 
  space 
  necessitates 
  

   referring 
  the 
  reader 
  to 
  the 
  source 
  for 
  further 
  details. 
  Suffice 
  

   it 
  to 
  say 
  that, 
  by 
  using 
  potassium 
  ferrocyanide 
  or 
  tannin, 
  semi- 
  

   permeable 
  membranes 
  were 
  formed 
  around 
  the 
  figures 
  and 
  many 
  

   patterns 
  of 
  the 
  lower 
  organisms 
  were 
  artificially 
  produced. 
  In 
  

   particular, 
  it 
  was 
  found 
  possible 
  to 
  make 
  models 
  of 
  the 
  human 
  

   red 
  blood 
  corpuscle, 
  magnified 
  from 
  700 
  to 
  800 
  diameters. 
  — 
  Proc. 
  

   Boy. 
  Soc, 
  95 
  A, 
  303, 
  1919. 
  h. 
  s. 
  u. 
  

  

  6. 
  Electrical 
  Resolution 
  and 
  Broadening 
  of 
  Helium 
  Lines. 
  — 
  

   This 
  investigation 
  has 
  been 
  recently 
  undertaken 
  by 
  Thomas 
  R. 
  

   Merton, 
  who 
  has 
  improved 
  the 
  technique 
  of 
  the 
  method 
  which 
  

   he 
  so 
  successfully 
  employed 
  in 
  the 
  study 
  of 
  the 
  B 
  aimer 
  series 
  of 
  

   hydrogen. 
  The 
  basic 
  idea 
  consisted 
  in 
  mounting 
  a 
  neutral-tinted 
  

   glass 
  wedge 
  in 
  front 
  of 
  the 
  slit 
  of 
  a 
  prism 
  spectrograph, 
  thus 
  

   causing 
  the 
  spectral 
  lines 
  to 
  be 
  brightest 
  at 
  the 
  ends 
  correspond- 
  

   ing 
  to 
  the 
  thinnest 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  wedge, 
  and 
  to 
  gradually 
  fade 
  

   away 
  in 
  the 
  direction 
  of 
  the 
  thicker 
  region 
  of 
  the 
  wedge. 
  A 
  

   vacuum 
  tube 
  of 
  the 
  conventional 
  Pliicker 
  form, 
  containing 
  very 
  

   pure 
  helium, 
  at 
  a 
  pressure 
  of 
  about 
  1 
  mm., 
  was 
  set 
  at 
  a 
  distance 
  of 
  

   about 
  30-5 
  cm. 
  from 
  the 
  slit, 
  and 
  the 
  image 
  of 
  the 
  capillary 
  was 
  

   brought 
  to 
  a 
  focus 
  at 
  the 
  plane 
  of 
  contact 
  of 
  the 
  slit 
  and 
  wedge. 
  

   The 
  time 
  of 
  exposure 
  was 
  about 
  six 
  hours, 
  the 
  vacuum 
  tube 
  being 
  

   excited 
  by 
  means 
  of 
  a 
  fairly 
  heavy 
  discharge 
  from 
  an 
  induction 
  

   coil 
  which 
  was 
  capable 
  of 
  giving 
  a 
  25 
  cm. 
  spark 
  in 
  air. 
  

  

  The 
  results 
  obtained 
  are 
  in 
  complete 
  accord 
  with 
  Stark's 
  

   hypothesis 
  that 
  the 
  broadening 
  of 
  the 
  lines 
  is 
  largely, 
  if 
  not 
  

   entirely, 
  due 
  (under 
  the 
  present 
  experimental 
  conditions) 
  to 
  the 
  

   influence 
  on 
  a 
  radiating 
  atom 
  of 
  the 
  intense 
  electric 
  fields 
  of 
  

   neighboring 
  particles. 
  The 
  principal 
  conclusions 
  are 
  sum- 
  

   marized 
  as 
  follows: 
  

  

  1. 
  The 
  broadening 
  of 
  helium 
  lines 
  by 
  condensed 
  spark 
  dis- 
  

   charges 
  is 
  in 
  close 
  agreement 
  with 
  the 
  electric 
  resolution 
  of 
  the 
  

   lines. 
  

  

  2. 
  The 
  "isolated 
  components" 
  in 
  the 
  electric 
  resolution, 
  

   which 
  have 
  been 
  recorded 
  by 
  Brunetti 
  and 
  by 
  Takamine 
  and 
  

   Yoshida, 
  have 
  been 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  broadened 
  lines. 
  

  

  3. 
  An 
  explanation 
  is 
  offered 
  of 
  the 
  relative 
  degree 
  of 
  broad- 
  

   ening 
  of 
  lines 
  of 
  the 
  "arc" 
  and 
  "spark" 
  type, 
  on 
  the 
  supposition 
  

  

  