450 0. D. von Enyeln — Studies on Ice Structure. 



tests were made with screw presses designed and calibrated by 

 Professors Kimball and Wells of the Sibley College of 

 Mechanical Engineering, Cornell University. (See fig. 1.) 

 Both pond and glacier ice were used, in cubes \, 1, and 2 inches 

 square and variously oriented with regard to the component 

 crystal structure of the ice. It was found that the crushing 



Fig. 1. 



Fig. 1. Interior of Outdoor Laboratory. Shows large press with ice 

 core projecting to right from lateral orifice of iron cylinder. Also shows 

 small press (on table in background) with one of the small cubes between 

 its plates. 



strength of pond ice with pressure applied in the direction of 

 the principal axes of the component crystals (all similarly 

 oriented) is about 1000 lbs. per square inch. With pressure 

 at right angles to the principal axes the crushing strength 

 was approximately 350 lbs. to the square inch, while that of 



