596 C. H. Matheiuson — Metallographic Description 



approximately this composition have shown that the metal can- 

 not be brought to red heat without absorption of the complex. 

 It is highly improbable that the present object has ever been 

 annealed. 



A number of twinning bands were observed on the surface 

 of the section examined, fig. 93, which was cut, at random, 

 from one side of the object. Several of these bands are shown 

 near the center of fig. 95. They may represent congenital 

 twinning in the sense that the object was forcibly handled so 

 as to overstrain it locally just after it had set, or at a tempera- 

 ture high enough to cause recrystallization. Thus, the red-hot 

 button may have been pulled or dumped from the pot. 



Object No. 18 (cf. Table I). 



The long, heavy needle illustrated in fig. 26 was examined 

 only along a short longitudinal section passing down through 

 the eye. A diagram of this is shown in fig. 96. The struc- 

 ture, at the point indicated, is shown in fig. 97. This point 

 represents the mechanical union between the looped end of the 

 metal and one of lateral flaps which is hammered down to hold 

 it in place. The nature of this construction is well enough 

 evident from the illustrations previously cited without further 

 explanation. As may be seen in fig. 97, abundant lines of 

 deformation remain in evidence of the severe hammering 

 effected at this vicinity, i. e., the metal has not since been 

 annealed. Scleroscopic tests have shown hardness numbers 

 of 21, 18, and 15, at the points a, b, and c, respectively, of 

 fig. 96. The grain count of 22 indicates that the last annealing 

 treatment was of the type most frequently observed in these 

 objects, viz., probably a brief period at moderate red heat. 



Object No. 19 (cf. Table I). 



Tweezers of the form illustrated in fig. 27 are well repre- 

 sented in the present collection. A partially completed speci- 

 men has already been described (IsTo. 13). One of the finished 

 specimens was flattened into the form which it obviously pos- 

 sessed before bending and polished on one side in those spots 

 which reached the abrasive without resorting to deep cutting. 

 After the examination, it was readily bent back into shape 

 without any sign of fracture. This indicates that the metal 

 was comparatively soft when originally bent into final shape. 

 After being worked flat into proper form, it was probably 

 annealed, pierced by driving a pointed object through the thin 



