Jaggar — Activity of Manna Loa. 



635 



morning of December 31, with northeast wind continuing 

 below, the fume puffs of Mokuaweoweo were blowing away 

 westward, implying that the wind below and above was now 

 one and the same, and that the trade wind stratum had in 

 the last few days thickened to above 14,000 feet. 



The first week of the new year 1915 found the Hawaiian vol- 

 canoes Mauna Loa and Kilauea both in a state of activity, the 

 former with one or more fountains of brilliant lava foam con- 

 tinuously playing in the southwestern part of the summit 

 crater Mokuaweoweo, the latter with a lively lake and three 



Fig. 11. 



M^UNA L-QPi QgC £7 iqiH- 



smaller lava ponds 368 feet below the rim of the crater pit 

 Halemaumau. 



The fume and glow over Mokuaweoweo continued constant. 

 December 31, the fume was blowing to the northwest. Jan- 

 uary 1, the fume blew westward, making the column a low 

 dome as seen from the Observatory, with glow at night. 



January 2, there was a northeast drizzle with tremendous 

 squalls of wind at the Observatory; the Mauna Loa fume 

 appeared to be blowing southeast. In the afternoon there was 

 a crown of rain-cloud above the snow-line on Mauna Loa, with 

 the blue fume funnel rising vertically from its midst and bend- 

 ing east above. The sunset was brown-yellow, with the fume- 

 streak crossing it. The night was clear, showing not only the 



