29b' Drushi / diul D< an— Hydrolysis of Esters. 



Table I (continued). 



11 vdmlysis at 45°. 











30 



372 



(366) 



(252) 



227 



(174) 



60 



377 



(360) 



232 



218 



205 



90 



378 



391 



230 



214 



205 



150 



375 



390 



225 



218 



215 



270 



(338) 



391 



227 



217 



215 



450 



376 



394 



226 



215 



217 



630 



366 



393 



225 



216 



216 



verages . 



. 374 



392 



227 



218 



212 



verages. 



. 374 



385 



226 



217 



212 



(duplicate) 



The constants in parentheses are not counted in the averages. 



Table II. Summary. 



Temperature 252° 35° 45° 



10 5 K 10 5 K 10 5 K 10 5 K 10 E K 10 r 'K 



I II I II I II 



Ethyl acetate 64-7 64'9 162-7 162-6 374 374 



Ethyl glycollate.. 70-4 68*5 172-8 166-2 392 385 



Ethyl niethyloxy- 3S-1 38-9 90-2 90-0 227 226 



acetate 

 Ethyl ethyloxy- 36-2 36-1 87'2 87-5 218 217 



acetate 

 Ethyl propyloxy- 35-8 35-8 85-3 84-0 212 212 



acetate 



The temperature coefficient varies between 2-3 and 2-5 for an 

 increase of ten degrees. Average, 2-4. 



Summary. 



(1) Ethyl glycollate has a greater reaction velocity than ethyl 

 acetate when hydrolyzed in acid solution. This would indicate 

 that the presence of the hydroxyl group in an ester accelerates 

 its decomposition. 



(2) The niethyloxy, ethyloxy, and propyloxy esters hydro- 

 lyze more slowly than the acetate, indicating a retardation 

 caused by the presence of an alkyloxy group. This retarda- 

 tion increases with the size of the alkyl radical in the substi- 

 tuted group, the difference, however, being less marked between 

 the ethyloxy and propyloxy than between the m ethyloxy and 

 ethyloxy esters. 



In a later paper we expect to show the effect of the presence 

 of a second hydroxyl group in the acyl radical, and also the 

 result of changing the substituted group from the alpha to the 

 beta position. This work will involve the hydrolysis of esters 

 of glyceric, lactic, and hydracrylic acids. 



