S. R. Williams — Electromagnetic Effect. 299 



particles several centimeters long can be drawn along with the 

 pole. Along these chains conduction takes place without any 

 sparking. This, to my mind, is entirely different from the 

 experiment described in Deschanel's Natural Philosophy, p. 

 67, Pt. Ill, by Professor Everett, in which the poles of a 

 static machine are immersed in a hath of oil of turpentine. In 

 this bath are thrown filaments of silk, and when the electric 

 field is applied, the filaments arrange themselves parallel to the 

 lines of tension, but do not take part in conduction. This 



- FIG. 2 



last experiment simply shows the tendency of an elongated 

 mass of a dielectric to set itself parallel to an electric field. 



In fig. 2 is shown a photograph of the filaments of halloysite 

 between the poles of an electric machine. A piece of photo- 

 graphic paper (velox) was placed directly under the poles and 

 the broken halloysite piled around them on top of the paper. 

 Keeping the electric machine excited, the negative pole was 

 slowly separated from the positive. As the negative pole 

 moved farther and farther away it dragged a chain of the 

 particles of the halloysite with it, along which the machine 

 was discharging without any sparking. When the poles were 

 separated by a distance of about lO cm an incandescent lamp 

 was held over the poles and sensitized paper and an impression 

 obtained as shown in fig. 2. From the standpoint of the fila- 

 ments, all of Bowden's effects become intelligible. If one 

 looks at the horizontal tube end on and places the tube between 



