84 H. D. Miser — Llanoria, the Paleozoic Land 



what is now the lower Mississippi Valley from northern 

 Alabama to the pre-Cambrian area northwest of Austin, 

 Texas. ''^"^ His conclusions are so important that practi- 

 cally all his summary is here quoted. 



^'I. The Ouachita anticline [uplift] is the structural equiva- 

 lent of the Cincinnati-Nashville arch * * * . 



II. The Coal Measures drainage of the Illinois-Indiana-Ken- 

 tucky basin flowed westward through the Arkansas valley into a 

 Carboniferous mediterranean sea. 



III. The drainage of the Coal Measures region south of the 

 Ouachita anticline [uplift] flowed westward and entered this sea 

 north of the Texas pre-Cambrian area. 



IV. The drainage of both the Arkansas and Texas Carbon- 

 iferous areas was reversed about the €nd of Jurassic times, when 

 orographic movements over southeast Arkansas, eastern Texas, 

 Louisiana, and Mississippi submerged the former extension of 

 the Appalachian watershed and admitted the early Cretaceous 

 sea across the Paleozoic land as far north as southern Illinois. 



V. This depression was not a deep one (Hilgard)^^ and did 

 not all occur at one time, for there have been subsequent dis- 

 turbances of a more or less similar nature in the same region. 



VI. The evidences of these depressions are : 



1. The reversed drainage of the Arkansas valley. 



2. The reversed drainage over the Carboniferous area of cen- 

 tral Texas. 



3. The submerged eastern end of the Ouachita uplift, 



4. The eastward slope of the peneplain of the Ouachita re- 

 gion. 



5. The direction of the faults and folds near the eastern ex- 

 posure of the Lower Coal Measures in Arkansas. 



6. The great [Balcones] fault through Texas near the Ter- 

 tiary border, having a downthrow of 1,000 to 1,500 feet on the 

 south and east sides. 



7. Eruptive rocks accompanying the Texas [Balcones] fault 

 and the Tertiary border through that State and Arkansas to the 

 Arkansas river. 



8. Hot springs near the same line. 



9. Faults in Alabama with a downthrow of 10,000 feet or 

 more on the northwest side. 



10. The thickness of the Cretaceous and Tertiary sediments 

 over the depressed area : from 4,000 to 10,000 feet. 



VII. The southwestern or central Texas end* of the Appa- 

 lachian land area was formerly covered by Cretaceous sediments, 



^^ Branner, J. C, The former extension of the Appalachians across Missis- 

 sippi, Louisiana, and Texas, this Journal, (4), vol. 4, pp. 357-371, 18&7. 



""^Hilgard, E. W., On the geological history of the Gulf of Mexico, this 

 Journal, (3), vol. 2, p. 394, 1871. 



