1T6 R. S. Lull — Fauna of the Dallas Sand Pits. 



ward complete ellipses, and space beyond for another 

 ridge of which the enamel is apparently worn away. 

 The worn surface of the crown measures 78 mm. (about 

 3.5 inches) in length, as preserved, by 70 mm. in width. 

 Five and one half folds in 3.5 inches is about equivalent 

 to sixteen in 10 inches. Lucas gives the following: 

 Elephas imperator, twelve in 10 inches; E. columhi, 

 eighteen; E. primigenius, twenty-four. Our specimen 

 comes nearest to columhi. The enamel is crenulated and 

 in its present condition there is a fair amount of sur- 

 rounding cement. The tooth was borne on at least two 

 transverse roots. 



The cervical represents the seventh cervical of a 

 mature elephant, presumably E. columhi, although this 

 same pit has yielded, apparently from its lower level, 

 what I have identified as E. imp er at or. This is the Yale 

 specimen. Cat. No. 10028, already referred to. Verifica- 

 tion of the specific identity is at present impossible, as 

 the specimen is in inaccessible storage. The centrum 

 is approximately amphiplatyan, very short in its antero- 

 posterior diameter, with the faces converging above, 

 neural arch light, with a slender spinous process, and the 

 prezygapophyses a little above the level of the postzyga- 

 pophyses. Small tubercular rib facets are present just 

 below and slightly external to the postzygapophyses, 

 that on the right side being the lower. A trace of the 

 capitular facet is also present on the right side well down 

 toward the base of the centrum. 



Measurements. 



mm. 



Centrum, ant.-post. diameter at center 41 



Width 170* 



Height 150t 



Breadth across prezygapophyses 220 



Height of neural arch 80 



* Approximate. 

 j Estimated. 



A few fragments represent the cancellous tissue of 

 the skull. 



