T. Holm^Studies in the CyperacecE. 285 



Aet. XX.— Studies in the CyperacecE; by Theo. Holm. 

 XXXI. Garices aeorastachyce: Crinitce nob., Apertce 

 nob., and Magnificm nob. (With 8 figures drawn from 

 nature by the author.) 



Crinitce. 



This section is a small one, comprising only C. crinita 

 Lam., C. gynandra Schw,, and G. maritima 0. F. Muell. 

 Characteristic of these is the light-green or yellowish 

 color {G. maritima), and the aristate scales. G. crinita 

 is widely distributed from Newfoundland, Quebec and 

 Ontario south to Florida, Louisiana, west to Minnesota 

 and Texas ; G. gynandra is distributed from Newfound- 

 land toWisconsin, and in the mountains to Georgia ; they 

 inhabit swales and damp thickets. G. maritima, on the 

 other hand, grows in brackish or saline shores from 

 Labrador to Massachusetts, and in Europe along the coast 

 of Sweden and Norway to the White Sea. 



Garex crinita is a stately species reaching a height of 

 about 1.5 m. ; the rhizome is csespitose, and develops 

 several purely vegetative shoots, beside the floral, which 

 are phyllopodic, flowering already in the first year, and 

 surrounded by several green leaves at the base. The 

 staminate spikes are generally two, the pistillate from 

 three to six, remote and quite long, narrowly and evenly 

 cylindric, dense-flowered, long-pedunculate and pen- 

 dulous. 



With regard to the distribution of the sexes, this is very 

 variable ; \\\q terminal spike is not always purely stami- 

 nate, but very frequently it is androgynous, i. e. staminate 

 above, pistillate below ; or, though seldom, gynsecandrous 

 with pistillate flowers at the apex. In many specimens, 

 collected near Clinton, Md. the terminal spike was only 

 staminate in the middle, pistillate at the apex and base ; 

 in a few specimens from Quebec the terminal spike was 

 purely pistillate. The pistillate spikes vary from purely 

 pistillate, the most frequent, to androgynous ; both types 

 may occur on the same specimen. A somewhat peculiar 

 structure was observed in a few specimens from Clinton, 

 where there was a bract below the terminal, staminate 

 spike subtending a single pistillate flower ; sometimes the 



