T. Holm — Studies in the Cyperacece. 287 



rhachilla had grown out bearing a small staminate spike 

 similar to the case we have described and figured in this 

 journal (1896, p. 214, ^g. 4). 



The squamae of both sexes vary from oblong ovate, 

 acuminate to emarginate, and the midrib is extended into 

 a thick, rough arista of variable length; the arista is 

 always much longer in the scales of the basal flowers than 

 in the apical, and much longer in the pistillate spikes than 

 in the staminate. The small perigynium is thin, green, 

 granular, inflated, ovate to obovate, with a short entire 

 beak ; only the two marginal nerves are present, and the 

 perigynium is spreading at maturity, longer and broader 

 than the body of the subtending scale. The very small 

 caryopsis is deeply constricted at the middle. 



Carex gynandra was first described by Lewis D. de 

 Schweinitz^ as a distinct species, but in his monograph 

 of the North American species of Carex, edited by John 

 Torrey,^ it is enumerated as a-variety of C. crinita with 

 the remark, howevei*, that ^ ' it may prove to be a distinct 

 species." Its characters are pretty constant, but some- 

 times it appears to pass into the ordinary C. crinita. It 

 has much the appearance of C. miliacea, but it is easily 

 distinguished. By Boott^ it was accepted as a species. 

 It resembles C. crinita in habit and size, in the number 

 and length of the spikes, but the perigynia are ascending, 

 less inflated, more or less elliptic, and distinctly nerved, 

 i. e. there are two marginal nerves, and three shorter, 

 rather faint between these on both faces of utriculus ; the 

 arista of the scales is much shorter than in the former 

 species, beside the body of the scale being entire instead 

 of emarginate. The number of staminate spikes is 

 mostly 2, and they are very seldom androgynous; the 

 pistillate spikes are mostly four, and they are com- 

 monly androgynous. It represents undoubtedly a 

 distinct species. 



Carex maritima has a stoloniferous rhizome, and the 

 culms are phyllopodic, but develop in the second year; 



^An analytical table to facilitate the determination of the hitherto 

 observed North American species of the genus Carex. (Ann. New York 

 Lye. Nat. Hist., Vol. 1, p. 70, 1824) . 



=^ Ibidem Vol. 1, p. 360, 1825. 



^ Illustrations of the genus Carex Vol. 1, 1858, p. 18, t. 50. 



Am. Jour. Sci.— Fifth Series, Vol. II, No. 11.— November, 1921. 

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