T. Holm — Studies in the Cyperacece. 289 



bidentato squama ferruginea lanceolata acuta latioribus breviori- 

 busque. Hab. Columbia Eiver. Dougl. Scouler." 



Howell^ calls the species ''bovina'\^ and some points in 

 Ms description deserve mention, viz. ''densely matted 

 and forming extensive meadows of many acres". 

 ''Spikes all pednncled or the npper one sessile, lower 

 more or less cernuous'\ "On lands that are overflown 

 by the Columbia River''. 



The species is aphyllopodic, and the rhizome is densely 

 matted, slightly stoloniferons. "With regard to the 

 number of spikes and the distribution of the sexes, we 

 observed in 54 specimens, kindly presented to the writer 

 hy Messrs. Louis F. Henderson, James M. Macoun and 

 Wilhelm N. Suksdorf: they were collected in British 

 Columbia, Vancouver Island, Idaho and Washington 

 State : 



36 specimens with 1 staminate spike. 



15 





2 



spikes 



3 





3 



( ( 



39 





3 pistillate 



i c 



12 





2 



i i 



2 





4 



i I 



1 





1 



spike. 



In fourteen of these some of the pistillate spikes were 

 androgynous : six with two, and eight with one ; in four 

 specimens there were a few (1-3) pistillate flowers at the 

 hase of the terminal, staminate. The species is known 

 to be abundant at several stations in British Columbia, 

 Vancouver Island, Washington, Oregon and Idaho; it 

 prefers low grounds, but occurs also in the mountains, 

 for instance on Mt. Paddo, where Mr. Suksdorf collected 

 it on borders of ponds at an elevation of 2,000 m. 



Characteristic of the species are the turgid perigynia 

 with the surface very prominently papillose, by Kiiken- 

 thal (1. c. p. 319) interpreted as "utriculi resinosi,'' which 

 of course is not correct; all the cells of the epidermis 

 are extended into obtuse, thick- walled papillae. Only two 

 nerves, the marginal, are present. The caryopsis is 

 small, obovate, and not constricted. In the material, 

 which has been examined, we have been able to distinguish 

 the forms as follows : 



^ A Flora of Northwest America. Portland, 1903, p. 702. 



