460 . Scientific Intelligence. 



and, in the middle, great numbers of gastropods and other fossils. 

 This member is from 65 to 75 feet in thickness. [It may be the 

 equivalent of the Pamelia of New York.] 



" The upper member is composed mostly of pure limestone, has 

 a larger fauna than either of the other formations, the upper 15 

 feet being especially fossiliferous. This is the Lowville of the 

 New York section and the thickness is about 50 feet." c. s. 



3. Die Fauna der Spiti- Sc/iiefer des Himalaya, ihr geolo- 

 gisches Alter undihre Weltstellung ; by Victor Uhlig, Denkschr. 

 d. Math-Naturw. Klasse d. Kais. Akademie d. Wiss., Wien, 

 Bd. Ixxxv, 1910, pp. 531-609. — There is here presented a sum- 

 mary of the fauna found in the Spiti geode-bearing black shales 

 having a thickness of about 500 feet. There are 218 species of 

 ammonites, 4 belemnites, 35 bivalves and 2 gastropods. Evi- 

 dently but little of the fauna is bottom mud dwelling as most of 

 it is made up of swimming types. The specimens are as a rule 

 preserved in geodes, or rather concretions, but unfortunately none 

 of them were collected zonally. 



This fauna has no direct connection with the Kelloway biota 

 as has been thought ; only a few forms point to the Oxfordian, 

 there are certainly some Kimmeridgian species, while the Titho- 

 nian and Valangian are best represented. The Spiti shales are, 

 therefore, thought to hold the time of the Upper Jurassic and 

 the early Lower Cretaceous. 



The Spiti fauna shows that it had no direct boreal connections, 

 having only a single species each in Aucella and Simbirskites. 

 On the other hand, there is positive faunal affinity with the 

 Alpine region of Tethys. 



The author goes into a world-wide study of the Jurassic and 

 Lower Cretaceous faunas that cannot be here detailed. His final 

 conclusions regarding climatic zones are not at all in harmony 

 with those of Neumayr, for the former states, " All of these facts 

 give the impression that the distribution of the marine faunas of 

 the Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous was essentially independent 

 of latitude and climatic zones" (609). c. s. 



4. JBeitrdge zur Geologie der Bdren-Insel, Spitzbergens und 

 des Ko nig- Karl- Landes ; by A. G. Nathorst. Bull. Geol. 

 Instit. Upsala, x, pages 261-416 with many illustrations and 

 geological maps, 1910. The author here brings together all that 

 is known regarding the geology and paleontology of these far 

 northern lands, and one is surprised at the great amount of excel- 

 lent work recorded. 



Baren Island is composed of Ordovician, Devonian (Ursa sand- 

 stone probably of lagoon origin), three divisions of the Car- 

 boniferous separated from one another by discordances, and 

 Triassic. Spitzbergen has in addition to the above Pernio- 

 Carboniferous, Permian, Jurassic, Lower Cretaceous and Tertiary 

 (? Miocene). c. s. 



5. Historical- StratigrapJiical Review of the Silurian of 

 Sweden / by Joh. Chr. Moberg. Arsbok 4, Sveriges Geol. 



