iGS Scientific Intelligence. 



organized in 1870, he was appointed as one of the chief geolo- 

 gists in charge of the division of the Rocky Mountains with 

 headquarters at Denver. Although he had joined with Arnold 

 Hague in writing the volume devoted to the descriptive geology 

 of the 40th Parallel Survey, he had given much attention to the 

 study of ore deposits. His bent in this direction had undoubt- 

 edly been stimulated by his European training, and by the inves- 

 tigation of several mining districts while assisting J. D. Hague in 

 the volume treating of the mining industry. His instructions, 

 when the National Survey was organized, were to devote him- 

 self to a study of the mineral wealth of the Rocky Mountains, 

 and it was chiefly in this task that his life was spent. With, the 

 publication of his report on the geology and mining industry of 

 Leadville, Colo., in 1886, a most important step forward was 

 taken in economic geology in this country, in that it was then 

 clearly perceived that the satisfactory economic development of 

 mining regions must in future be based upon a thorough under- 

 standing of the geologic structure and the conditions of the ore 

 deposition. From that time Emmons, in the opinion of those 

 qualified to judge, is held to have been the most prominent figure 

 in this country in the development of the economic side of geol- 

 ogy, especially as regards the metal mining industry in the west. 

 The stimulus of his work has been felt in an ever increasing 

 degree by the younger men who have succeeded him and who 

 have given this country such a commanding position in this 

 branch of geology. He published many papers in journals, 

 official reports, and the proceedings of scientific societies, and 

 mostly dealing with the particular field he had made his own. 

 His services to science and to mining had been adequately recog- 

 nized by his election to the National Academy of Science, and to 

 many other scientific and technical societies. His loss will be 

 strongly felt, not only in his especial field of work and by the 

 organization of whose staff he was an honored member, but by a 

 host of personal friends to whom his warm heart and genial 

 character had greatly endeared him. L. v. p. 



Samuel Calvin, Professor of Geology in the State University 

 of Iowa and since 1892 State Geologist of Iowa, died on April 

 17 at the age of seventy-one years. 



Professor Jakob Maarten Van Bemmelen, the distinguished 

 chemist of the University of Leyden, died on March ] 3 in his 

 eighty-first year. 



Mrs. Ellen H. Richards, head of the department of social 

 economics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and wife 

 of Prof. Robert H. Richards of the department of mining engi- 

 neering, died March 30 in Jamaica Plain, Mass. She published a 

 work entitled " First Lessons in Minerals" in 1885. 



Edwin E. Howell, mineralogist and maker of relief maps and 

 models, died at his home, in Washington, on April 16, at the age 

 of sixty -six years. 



