THE CANADA GOOSE. 195 



behind the eyes; rump and tail-feathers also black. The general colour of 

 the rest of the upper parts is greyish-brown, the wing-coverts shaded into 

 ash-grey; all the feathers terminally edged with very pale brown; the lower 

 part of the neck passing into greyish-white, which is the general colour of 

 the lower parts, with the exception of the abdomen, which is pure white, 

 the sides, which are pale brownish-grey, the feathers tipped with white, and 

 the lower wing-coverts, which are also pale brownish-grey. The margins 

 of the rump, and the upper tail-coverts, pure white. 



In very old males, I have found the breast of a fine pale buff*. 



Length to end of tail 43 inches, extent of wings 65; bill along the ridge 

 2-|-, in depth at the base 1 T 2 2, in breadth 1; tarsus 3^; middle toe and claw 

 4^; wing from flexure 20; tail 7^-. Weight 7 lbs. 



Adult Female. 



The female is somewhat less than the male, but similar in colouring, 

 although the tints are duller. The white of the throat is tinged with brown; 

 the lower parts are always more grey, and the black of the head, neck, 

 rump, and tail, is shaded with brown. 



Length 41 inches. Weight 5| lbs. 



Male, presented by Dr. T. M. Brewer of Boston. The mouth is 1 inch 

 2 twelfths in width; the anterior part of its roof, which is concave, is 

 beautifully marked with a middle tuberculated ridge, two lateral ridges of 

 lamelliform tubercles, and between them a number of irregularly dispersed 

 tubercles, besides the lateral lamella? properly so called, of which there are 

 38 on each side; the lamellae of the lower mandible are 50. The tongue is 

 2i inches long, fleshy, with a deep median groove, a lateral series of small, 

 tapering, acute, reversed papillae, and a semicircular tip, having a very thin 

 horny edge. The posterior aperture of the nares is oblongo-linear, li 

 inches in length. The oesophagus, abed, is 22 inches long; for 12 inches 

 its width is only 9 twelfths, but on entering the thorax it expands, at b, to 

 1 T 5 2 inches, then contracts a little, in the proventricular portion, c d, again 

 enlarges to 1^ inches, and finally to If inches. The stomach, d efg, is an 

 extremely developed gizzard, of a transversely elliptical form, placed 

 obliquely, A\ inches in breadth, 2 inches 10 twelfths in length; the left 

 muscle 1 inch 9 twelfths thick, the right 2 inches; the epithelium forms two 

 transversely, elliptical, concave, grinding surfaces, of great density (but is 

 altogether wanting on the rest of the inner surface, although this may have 

 happened after death). The proventricular glands are very small, cylin- 

 drical, 2\ twelfths in length, and form a belt 2 inches in breadth. The 

 duodenum curves at the distance of 8 inches, and there are formed 12 folds 

 by the intestine, which is 10 feet in length, 10 twelfths in width at the 

 upper part, afterwards 1\ twelfths, until towards the rectum, when it 



