366 GOLDEN-EYE DUCK. 



kinds of grass. When on salt water, they feed principally on bivalves and 

 fishes of different species. 



Golden-eye, Anas Clangula, Wils. Amer. Orn., vol. viii. p. 62. 



Fuligula Clangula, Bonap. Syn., p. 393. 



Clangula vulgaris, Common Golden-eye, Swains, and Rich. F. Bor. Amer., vol. ii. 



p. 456. 

 Clangula Barrovii, Rocky-mountain Garrot, Swains, and Rich. F. Bor. Amer., vol. 



ii. p. 453. 

 Common Golden-eye, Nutt. Man., vol. ii. p. 441. 

 Golden-eye Duck, Fuligula Clangula, Aud. Orn. Biog., vol. iv. p. 318; vol. v. p. 105. 



Male, 20, 3l£. Female, 16, 28. 



Abundant during winter on all the running streams of the interior, as well 

 as along the Atlantic coast, as far south as the Gulf of Mexico. Breeds in 

 high northern latitudes. Accidental in the North-eastern Districts. Rocky 

 Mountains and Columbia river. 



Adult Male in winter. 



Bill shorter than the head, deeper than broad at the base, gradually de- 

 pressed toward the end, which is rounded. Upper mandible with the dorsal 

 line straight and sloping to the middle, then slightly concave, and finally 

 decurved; the ridge broad and rather concave at the base, narrowed between 

 the nostrils, convex towards the end, the frontal angles long, the sides erect 

 at the base, sloping and convex towards the end, the edges soft, with about 

 fifty lamellae, the unguis oblong and decurved. Nostrils medial, linear, 

 pervious, nearer the ridge than the margin. Lower mandible flattened, 

 ascending, nearly straight, a little curved at the base, the angle long, rather 

 narrow, the dorsal line very slightly convex, the edges with about fifty 

 lamellae, the unguis broadly elliptical. 



Head large, compressed. Eyes of moderate size. Neck short and thick. 

 Body compact, much depressed. Feet very short, placed far back; tarsus 

 very short, compressed, having anteriorly in its whole length a series of 

 small scutella, and above the outer toe a few broad scales, the rest covered 

 with reticular angular scales. Hind toe very small, with a broad free mem- 

 brane beneath; anterior toes longer than the tarsus, connected by reticulated 

 membranes, having a sinus on their free margins, the inner with a narrow, 

 lobed, marginal membrane, the outer with a thickened edge, the third and 

 fourth about equal and longest, all covered above with numerous narrow 

 scutella. Claws small, slightly arched, compressed, obtuse, that of first toe 

 very small, of third largest, and with an inner thin edge. 



Plumage dense, soft and blended; feathers on the fore part of the head 

 and cheeks very small and rounded, on the upper and hind parts, linear and 

 elongated, as they also are on the lateral and hind parts of the upper neck, so 



