378 THE HARLEQUIN DUCK. 



complete, but all the white markings on the neck are edged with black; the 

 fore part of the breast is dull grey, the middle yellowish-grey, spotted with 

 bluish-grey. The white bar on the wing is still wanting; the rump is glossy 

 bluish-black, the tail nearly of the same tint. 



Adult Female. 



The principal colour of the female is greyish-brown, deeper on the head 

 and rump, lighter On the fore neck, and mottled with greyish-white on the 

 breast. The quills are dark brown, edged with lighter, the tail blackish- 

 grey. There is a large whitish spot mottled with grey before the eye, and 

 another of a purer white behind the ear. Bill and feet dull bluish-grey. 

 Iris brown. 



Length to end of tail 16 inches, to end of wings 13 J, to end of claws 15^; 

 extent of wings 24i; wing from flexure Si; tail 3-J; bill along the back l^f, 

 along the edge of lower mandible 1^; tarsus li; middle toe 2, its claw jj. 

 Weight H lbs. 



Male from Dr. T. M. Brewer. Width of mouth 9 twelfths, its roof 

 deeply concave as in most other Ducks; the posterior aperture of the nares 

 oblongo-linear, 8 twelfths in length, margined with very slender acute 

 papilla?; the lamellae on each side of the upper mandible about 35; those on 

 the edge of the lower mandible about 60; the tongue 1 inch 4 twelfths long, 

 fleshy, broad, thick at the base, becoming thin toward the end, with thin, 

 fringed margins, and a semicircular tip. (Esophagus 7 inches 2 twelfths long, 

 of the uniform width of 8 twelfths on the neck, the proventriculus 9 twelfths 

 in breadth. Stomach a strong muscular gizzard, 1^ inches long, 1 inch 7 

 twelfths broad; the lateral muscles very large, the tendons covering almost 

 its whole surface; the epithelium very thick, dense, with two opposite ellip- 

 tical flat grinding surfaces. The proventricular glands form a belt 1^ inches 

 in breadth. The liver is very large, its lobes very unequal, the right 2 

 inches 8 twelfths long, the left 1 inch 8 twelfths. Intestine 5S^ inches long, 

 its average width 5 twelfths. 



The trachea, which is 6|- inches in length, has at first a breadth of only 3 

 twelfths, but at the distance of three-quarters of an inch enlarges to 4|- 

 twelfths, and so continues for 2 inches; it then contracts to 2\ twelfths, and 

 again at the lower part enlarges to 5i twelfths, and terminates in a large 

 transverse bony dilatation or tympanum, of which the length is 1\ twelfths, 

 the breadth 1 inch 2 twelfths; it projects as usual to the left side, where it is 

 of a rounded form. The rings of the trachea are 124, broad, firm, and well 

 ossified. The bronchi are of moderate width, of about 25 half rings. The 

 lateral muscles are strong, the sterno-tracheal of considerable size, coming 

 off at the commencement of the tympanum, and there are no inferior 

 laryngeal muscles. 



