231 



of strong springs. At Buttermilk Point and along the base of the bluffs west of 

 Jarrett's Bay are a number of springs. The margin of the lake from Vawter 

 Park one mile west is very springy, but the flow of water is not so strong as along 

 Crow's Bay. The waters from all these springs show traces of iron more or less 

 strongly. 



The waters of the lake flow into Lower Turkey Creek through which they 

 enter the Elkhart Biver near Goshen, Indiana; then through the Elkhart and 

 St. Joseph rivers they reach Lake Michigan. 



Near the outlet of the lake the creek, during the summer, was about 20 feet 

 wide and had an average depth of less than 6 inches. The volume of water dis- 

 charged through the outlet was computed from measurements taken in the creek 

 and the overflow of the mill race July 18, 1895. The outflow through the creek 

 was 103 cubic feet, or 772$ gallons, per minute ; through the mill race, 41 cubic 

 feet, or 307J gallons, per minute, making a total of 144 cubic feet, or 1,080 gal- 

 lons, per minute. At the same time the volume of the creek a half mile below 

 was computed at 137£ cubic feet, or 1,031 gallons, per minu*e. 



By taking the outflow of the lake at 144 cubic feet per minute, finding the 

 amount discharged in twenty-four hours, and computing the amount the level of 

 the lake, with an area of 5 \ square miles, would be lowered by such an outflow 

 with no inflow, we find it to be .016 of an inch. At this rate it would require 

 62£ days to lower the lake one inch. In one year of 365 days, at the same rate, 

 the level would be lowered 5.84 inches. The inflow, during the summer months, 

 is almost entirely due to springs, and probably equals the outflow. The lowering 

 of the level of the lake, during the summer months, seems to be due almost en- 

 tirely to evaporation. 



ELEVATION. 



The elevation of the lake above the sea and above Lake Michigan is shown 

 in the following list of stations and their respective elevations. The list of sta- 

 tions with their respective elevations above mean tide at Sandy Hook, New York, 

 was furnished by the General Superintendent of the Baltimore & Ohio Kailroad. 

 The elevation of each station above Lake Michigan was found by subtracting 582 

 feet, the elevation of the surface of Lake Michigan above the sea, from the ele- 

 vation of the station above the sea : 



