A HISTORY OF DEVONSHIRE 



NYMPHALIDAE {continued) 



American butterfly to effect a settlement in 

 the south of England. Flocks were observed 

 in the course of their passage across the At- 

 lantic — even resting on outward-bound ships 

 on the ocean — and of those which made 

 good their passage three at last were cap- 

 tured at Devon— ons at Exmouth m 1885 ; 

 another at Plymouth ; also, in 1886, one at 

 Dartmouth. The migratory impulse was at 

 that time so powerful in this species that it is 

 known to have made its way from one group 

 of islands in the Pacific Ocean to another, be- 

 coming very common in Samoa and else- 

 where, and reaching Australia — ^where it is 

 plentiful — New Guinea, Tasmania, and New 

 Zealand. Yet no effective settlement has 

 been made by it in Great Britain, or, so far as 

 is known, in any part of Europe 

 Vanessa polychloros, Linn. (Large Tortoiseshell). 

 Exeter; Bickleigh Vale; Teignmouth ; Datv- 

 lish ; Seaton ; Topsham ; Ivybiidge ; Barn- 

 staple ; llfracombe 

 ** — urticae, Linn. (Small Tortoiseshell). Including 

 Lundy Island 



* — io, Linn. (Peacock B.). In 1S99, and some 

 previous years comparatively scarce 



A — antiopa, Linn. (Camberwell Beauty). Speci- 

 mens on record from Plymouth ; Plympton ; 

 Torquay ; Brixham ; Honiton ; llfracombe ; 

 Bideford ; Barnstaple ; and East Ogaiell. 

 Some taken at ivy-bloom in the sunshine 



* — atalanta, Linn. Including Lundy Island. Has also 

 been taken at night, attracted by a stray light 



— cardui, Linn. (Painted Lady). Common in 



every part of the county in some seasons, in 

 others scarce ; but in the most favoured 

 seasons sometimes to be seen m hundreds 

 upon blossoming ivy 

 Argynnis paphia, Linn. Sidmouth ; Honiton ; Barn- 

 staple ; Martinhoe ; Morthoe ; Instozo ; Avon- 

 wick ; Harpford Woods ; Stoke ; Fordlands ; 

 Dunsford ; Bickleigh Vale and other woods 

 skirting Dartmoor ; and in all large woods 



— adippe, Linn. Exeter; Stoke; Bickleigh Vale ; 



Honiton ; Barnstaple ; Instoai, and the Dart- 

 moor woodlands, but far less common than 

 the preceding 



— aglaia, Linn. Exeter; Stoke; the Plymouth 



district ; Sidmouth ; Salcombe; Honiton ; 

 Bridestowe ; Instozv ; Martinhoe ; Morthoe. 

 Most plentiful on the coast 

 t — lathonia, Linn. Single specimens recorded 

 from Oxton and Roseberry Wood nr. Exeter; 

 Braunton Burrows nr. Barnstaple ; and at 

 Bovey Tracey 



— euphrosyne, Linn. Gen. in woods 



— selene, Schiff. Rather more local ; found nr. 



Torrington ; Bideford; Morthoe; Martinhoe; 

 Barnstaple ; Modbury ; Stoke ; Haldon — 

 sometimes double-brooded — Bickleigh and 

 Dazolish 

 Melitaea athalia, Esp. Bickleigh Vale ; Horra- 

 bridge ; and elsewhere on Dartmoor ; formerly 

 in Fordlands Woods nr. Exeter; Buckknd 



NYMPHALIDAE {continued) 



Woods ; 'Newton Bushel; Barnstaple ; Instotii; 

 Torrington ; and Exmoor. Devon seems to 

 have always been specially favoured by this 

 very local and beautiful butterfly 

 Melitaea artemis, Hb., aurinia, St. C. Fordlands nr. 

 Exeter; Torquay; Ivybridge ; Axminster ; 

 Dartmoor; Ins tow ; Barnstaple; Bideford; 

 Torrington. It has now disappeared from 

 most of these places 



SATYRIDAE 



Melanargia galathea, Linn. In the Exeter district 

 nr. Fordlands ; Stoke Canon ; and Kenton ; 

 along the south coast nr. Sidmouth; Teign- 

 mouth ; Dawlish ; Dartmouth ; and Beriy 

 Pomeroy ; northward at Holsworthy ; Instow ; 

 Morthoe, and Bridestowe ; also nr. Axminster 

 and Homer Dozvn. Always very local 



*Satjrus semele, Linn. On hilly heaths and coast 

 clifis 



*Pararge aegeria, Linn. In shaded lanes and the 

 borders of woods 



— megaera, Linn. About all road-sides 

 **Epinephile janira, Lmn. In fields, including 



Lundy Island 

 ** — tithonus, Linn. About brambles when in 

 bloom 



— hyperanthus, Linn. Plymouth ; Dawlish ; Top- 



sham ; Haldon ; Haugh Moor ; Bridestowe ; 

 Barnstaple; Instow ; Morthoe. Abundant in 

 some woods. Varieties with diminished num- 

 bers of spots are found, and also that called 

 arete, in which these all are minute or absent 

 **Coenonympha pamphilus, Linn. 



HESPERIIDAE 



Syrichthus alveolus, Hb., malvae, St. C. Bickleigh 

 Vale ; Plymouth ; Stoke ; Haldon ; Woodbuiy ; 

 Sidmouth; Bideford; Barnstaple; Instow; 

 not scarce ; the pretty var. taros also occa- 

 sionally 

 *Hesperia linea. Fab., thaumas, St. C. Plymouth; 

 Salcombe ; Stoke ; Tavistock ; Cattedown ; 

 Barnstaple ; Martinhoe ; Morthoe ; Instow 



— actaeon, Esp. On the cliffs and in the chines 



near Sidmouth ; Bere Regis ; Torquay, and 

 Exmouth. This is a portion of the only 

 locality for the species in the United King- 

 dom ; the remainder extends in Dorset to 

 Weymouth and 3 miles east of Swanage. 

 Also common to the west of Swanage for 

 2 miles. 

 * — sylvanus, Esp. Sidmouth ; Salcombe ; Plymouth ; 

 Exwick ; Stoke Woods; Barnstaple; Martin- 

 hoe; Morthoe 



— comma, Linn. Plymouth ; Exmouth ; Dart- 



mouth; Sidmouth; Stoke. Very local, and 

 confined to the calcareous districts 

 Nisoniades tages, Linn. Bickleigh Vale ; Sidmouth ; 

 Bideford; Barnstaple; Instow; Morthoe; com- 

 mon in Fordlands and Stoke Woods. Said by 

 Mr. E. Parfitt to be double-brooded in Devon 



210 



