A HISTORY OF DEVONSHIRE 



Diptera are known to feed on them, and the larvae of the lace-winged flies {Neuroptera). Many 

 solitary wasps store them for food for their young. The larvae of the lady-birds and the lady-birds 

 themselves {Coleoptera) live exclusively on them. The ichneumon flies (^Aphidiidae) deposit their 

 eggs in the body of Aphis in order to perpetuate their race. The small birds, tits, etc., often 

 obtain a * tit-bit ' from them ; in fact the limit of their foes is not known, they are so numerous. 



A great number of the Aphides have been noted in the county. Localities have not been 

 mentioned in consequence of their general distribution, with one exception. The writer has devoted 

 much time to them, with a view of obtaining the parasitic ichneumon fly (Tribe Aphidiidae), which 

 he has succeeded in obtaining from forty different species of Aphis. During his wanderings in 

 search of the infected Aphides he discovered one new species. Aphis Crithmi, which was found on 

 Samphire {Crithmum maritimum) growing on the rocks at the head of the Salcome estuary near 

 Kingsbridge. 



APHIDES 



Siphonophora rosae, Rdaumer. X 

 On roses and sweetbriar 



— scabiosae, Schr. X Scabious 



— granaria, Kirby. X Wheat, oats, 



barley 



— menthae, Buckton. Common 



broom 



— chelidonii, Kalt. X Raspberry 



— polygon!, Buckton. Persicaria 



— alliariae, Koch. X Nipple wort 



— fragariae, Koch. Strawberry 



— hieracii, Kalt. Hawkweeds 



— pisi, Kalt. X Bladder campion 



— millefolii. Fab. Yarrow 



— circumflexa, Buckton. Cineraria 



in greenhouses 



— dirhoda, Walk. Oats and grasses 



— pelargonii, Kalt. Mallow, gar- 



den chrysanthemum 



— scrophulariae, Buckton. Figwort 



— lactucae,Kalt. X Garden lettuce 

 — • rubi, Kalt. X Blackberry. 



— urticae, Kalt. X Nettle 



— lorigipennis, Buckton. X Grass 



— convolvuli, Kalt. Convolvulus 



— avellanae, Schr. Hazel 



— tanaceti, Lin. Tansy 



— absinthii, Lin. X Wormwood 



— artemisiae, Koch. Mugwort 



— solidaginis, Fab. Golden-rod 



— tussilaginis, Walk. Colt's-foot 



— sisymbrii, Buckton. Hedge- 



mustard 



— sonchi, Lin. X Black knapweed 



— olivata, Buckton. X Spearthisde 

 Phorodon humili, Schr. Sloe 



— galeopsidis, Kalt. Hemp-nettle 

 Myzus cerasi, Fab. X Garden 



cherry, curling the leaves 



— gracilis, Buckton. Sycamore 



— ribis,Lin. X Red currant,causing 



the leaves to form red blotches 

 Drepanosiphum platanoides, Schr. 

 Maple 



— acerina. Walk. X Sycamore 

 Rhopalosiphum ribis, Lin. Black 



currant, forming red and 

 brown blotches 



— ligustri, Kalt. Privet 



— dlanthi, Schr. Carnation, peach, 



and other plants 

 Melanoxanthus salicis, Linn. X 

 Common osier 



APHIDES («»/.) 



Siphocoryne pastinaceae, Lin. X 

 Carrot 



— xylostei, Schr. X Honeysuckle 



— foenicull. Pass. X Fennel 



— capreae, Fab. X Willows 

 Aphis brassicae, Lin. X Cabbage, 



charlock 



— crataegi, Kalt. Hawthorn leaves 



on top shoots 



— malvae. Walk. Willow herbs, 



yarrow, etc. 



— abietina. Walk. Spruce fir 



— mali. Fab. Apple trees in 



curled leaves 



— pyraria. Pass. X Pear trees 



— scabiosae, Kalt. X Pellitory 



— sorbi, Kalt. Mountain ash 



— tanacetina. Walk. X Tansy 



— pruni, R6aum. Plum, peach, 



and other trees 



— crithmi. Buck. X Samphire, 



growing on rocks near Kings- 

 bridge 



— hieracii, Kalt. X Cow-parsnip 



— petasitidis, Buckton. Butterbur 



— euonymi. Fab. Spindle tree 



— epilobii, Kalt. X Willow herb 



— lychnidis, Lin. X Red-robins 



— hederae, Kalt. Young shoots 



of ivy 



— vibumi, Schr. Guelder-rose 



distorted leaves 



— jacobaeae, Schr. X Ragwort 



— rumicis, Lin. x Dock, thistle, 



broad beans, etc. 



— papaveris. Fab. Red poppy 



— cardui, Lin. X Thistles 



— instabllis, Buckton. X Feverfew 



— sambucaria. Pass. Elder tree, 



under the leaves 



— pyri, Boyer de Fonscolombe. 



Crab-apple 



— bellis, Buckton. Daisy. 



— sambuci, Lin. Elder on young 



shoots 



— opima, Buckton. Cinerarias in 



greenhouses 



— myosotidis, Koch. X Forget- 



me-not 

 Hyalopterus pruni. Fab. Plums and 

 blackthorn, forming hoary 

 masses under the leaves 



— dilineatus, Buckton. Moss-rose 



244 



APHIDES {cm.) 



Hyalopterus melanocephalus. Buck- 

 ton. Bladder campion 



Pterocomma pilosa, Buckton. X 

 Common osier 



Cryptosiphum artemisiae, Buckton. 

 Mugwort,distortingtheleave8 



Callipterus coryli, Goetze. Hazel 



— betularius, Kalt. X Birch 



— quercus, Kalt. X Oak 

 Pterocallis alni. Fab. Alder 



— tiliae, Lin. X Lime 

 Phyllaphis fagi, Lin. Beech 

 Lachnus agilis, Kalt. Scotch fir 



— pini, Lin. X Scotch fir 



— viminalis, Fonsc. Willow bark 



— longipes, Dufour. Oak 

 Stomaphis quercus, R^aum. Oak, 



on the bark of branches 

 Schizoneura lanigera, Hausman. Ap- 

 ple trees. 'American blight ' 



— ulmi, Lin. X Elm, causing the 



leaves to blister and curl 

 Pemphigus bursarius. Hart. Black 

 poplar, forming galls 



— spirothecae, Koch. Black pop- 



lar, forming galls 



— pallidus, Haliday. ' Elm, form 



ing galls at base of mid-rib 

 Tetraneura ulmi, De Geer. Elm, 



forming galls on upper side 



of leaf 

 Glyphina betulae, Heyd. Birch, 



ends of twigs 

 Chermesabietis,Lin. Sprucefir,caus- 



ing swelling very like fir cones 



— laricis, Hartig. Larch, covered 



with tufts of white silky fibre 



— pini, Koch. Scotch fir, covered 



with long silky filaments 

 Phylloxera punctata, Licht. Oak 

 leaves 



— quercus, Boyer de Fonsc. Oak, 



— the parent deposits her ova 

 in a circle around her on the 

 underside of the leaf. 

 Forda formicaria, Heyd. At roots of 

 grasses, often protected by ants 



— viridana, Buckton. At roots of 



grasse8,often protected by ants 

 Tychea phaseoli. Pass. Scarlet- 

 runner beans, at the roots 



From those marked with x an ichneu- 

 mon fly (Tribe Aphidiidae) ha» been bred. 



